The Industrialisation of Sustainable Construction: A Transdisciplinary Approach to the Large-Scale Introduction of Compacted Mineral Mixtures (CMMs) into Building Construction

• Published in: Sustainability Vol. 15; no. 13; p. 10677
• Main Authors: Bühler, Michael Max, Hollenbach, Pia, Michalski, Alexander, Meyer, Sonja, Birle, Emanuel, Off, Rebecca, Lang, Christina, Schmidt, Wolfram, Cudmani, Roberto, Fritz, Oliver, Baltes, Guido, Kortmann, Geraldine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.07.2023
• Subjects: Automation; Building construction; Built environment; Circular economy; Clay minerals; Clay soils; Collaboration; Concrete construction; Construction costs; Construction industry; Construction materials; Construction methods; Developing countries; Digital technology; Efficiency; Emissions; Energy consumption; Green buildings; Greenhouse gases; Industrial Revolution; Innovations; Knowledge acquisition; LDCs; Masonry construction; Material properties; Mechanical properties; Mechanical tests; Mixtures; Productivity; Quality control; Resilience; Rheological properties; Rheology; Robotics; Soil compaction; Soil mechanics; Soil types; Sustainability; Sustainable development; Timber; Urban environments; Germany
• ISSN: 2071-1050; 2071-1050
• DOI: 10.3390/su151310677

Increasing demand for sustainable, resilient, and low-carbon construction materials has highlighted the potential of Compacted Mineral Mixtures (CMMs), which are formulated from various soil types (sand, silt, clay) and recycled mineral waste. This paper presents a comprehensive inter- and transdisciplinary research concept that aims to industrialise and scale up the adoption of CMM-based construction materials and methods, thereby accelerating the construction industry’s systemic transition towards carbon neutrality. By drawing upon the latest advances in soil mechanics, rheology, and automation, we propose the development of a robust material properties database to inform the design and application of CMM-based materials, taking into account their complex, time-dependent behaviour. Advanced soil mechanical tests would be utilised to ensure optimal performance under various loading and ageing conditions. This research has also recognised the importance of context-specific strategies for CMM adoption. We have explored the implications and limitations of implementing the proposed framework in developing countries, particularly where resources may be constrained. We aim to shed light on socio-economic and regulatory aspects that could influence the adoption of these sustainable construction methods. The proposed concept explores how the automated production of CMM-based wall elements can become a fast, competitive, emission-free, and recyclable alternative to traditional masonry and concrete construction techniques. We advocate for the integration of open-source digital platform technologies to enhance data accessibility, processing, and knowledge acquisition; to boost confidence in CMM-based technologies; and to catalyse their widespread adoption. We believe that the transformative potential of this research necessitates a blend of basic and applied investigation using a comprehensive, holistic, and transfer-oriented methodology. Thus, this paper serves to highlight the viability and multiple benefits of CMMs in construction, emphasising their pivotal role in advancing sustainable development and resilience in the built environment.