The effects of insomnia on older adults’ quality of life and daily functioning: A mixed-methods study

• Published in: Geriatric nursing (New York) Vol. 41; no. 6; pp. 832 - 838
• Main Authors: Berkley, Amy S., Carter, Patricia A., Yoder, Linda H., Acton, Gayle, Holahan, Carole K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.11.2020
• Subjects: Disordered sleep; Insomnia; Nursing; Older adults; Quality of life; Sleep; Sleep quality; Sleep quality; Sleep; Insomnia; Disordered sleep; Older adults; Quality of life
• ISSN: 0197-4572; 1528-3984
• DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.05.008

•Insomnia in older adults is under recognized and undertreated, and not a result of normal aging.•Insomnia has significant negative effects on quality of life and daily functioning, and leads to increased stress and social isolation.•Qualitative methods reveal negative outcomes from insomnia not captured in traditional sleep assessments. Insomnia in older adults has been linked to increased incidence of falls, depression and anxiety, cognitive impairment, institutionalization, and mortality, but traditional sleep assessment instruments, designed for the general adult population, fail to capture many of the experiences and causes that are unique to older adults. This mixed methods study elicited open narratives from 18 older adults (6 men,12 women, mean age 84, SD= 7.62, range 67–96) who reported chronic insomnia or disrupted sleep to learn how poor sleep affected their quality of life and daily functioning. The interviews were supplemented with three widely used self-report sleep instruments to provide baseline sleep quality and hygiene scores. Content analysis of the participants’ narratives revealed the overriding theme of Insomnia Is Exhausting, which exemplifies the physical and emotional strain this chronic condition creates, and four categories: A Bad Night, Self-Management, Stoicism and Consequences. The narratives revealed severe, negative effects on quality of life, including reduced functional capacity and increased stress, anxiety, and social isolation. The results of this study can be used as a foundation for interventions to enhance sleep quality for this population.