Ammonia Recovery from Organic Waste Digestate via Gas–Liquid Stripping: Application of the Factorial Design of Experiments and Comparison of the Influence of the Stripping Gas

• Published in: Sustainability Vol. 14; no. 24; p. 17000
• Main Authors: Palakodeti, Advait, Azman, Samet, Dewil, Raf, Appels, Lise
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2022
• Subjects: Ammonia; Biogas; Carbon dioxide; Design of experiments; Equilibrium; Factorial design; Factorial experiments; Gas flow; Gases; Information processing; Manures; Membrane separation; Organic wastes; Sustainability; Temperature effects; Belgium
• ISSN: 2071-1050; 2071-1050
• DOI: 10.3390/su142417000

The effects of temperature, pH, and gas-to-liquid-volume-ratio on ammonia recovery via gas–liquid stripping have been widely studied. However, there is a lack of a structured approach towards characterising the stripping process. Furthermore, limited information is available on the effect of the composition of the stripping gas on ammonia recovery. This study includes the application of a factorial design of experiments to ammonia stripping. The outcome is a mathematical relationship for ammonia recovery as a function of process conditions. The temperature was found to have the highest influence on ammonia recovery. With respect to the influence of the stripping gas, similar ammonia recoveries were reported when using air, CH4, and N2 (96, 92, and 95%, respectively). This was attributed to their similar influences on the pH of the digestate, and subsequently, on the free ammonia equilibrium. In addition, the presence of CO2 in the stripping gas had a critical effect on ammonia recovery due to its influence on the total ammonia equilibrium in the digestate. These results showed the possibility of using different stripping gases interchangeably to obtain similar ammonia recoveries, with a critical emphasis on their CO2 content.