Potential biodiversity map of understory plants for Nothofagus forests in Southern Patagonia: Analyses of landscape, ecological niche and conservation values

• Published in: The Science of the total environment Vol. 682; pp. 301 - 309
• Main Authors: Rosas, Yamina Micaela, Peri, Pablo L., Lencinas, María Vanessa, Martínez Pastur, Guillermo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 10.09.2019
• Subjects: Conservation; ENFA; Forest landscape; Habitat suitability; Marginality/specialization; Habitat suitability; ENFA; Forest landscape; Marginality/specialization; Conservation
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.179

The role of understory plants in native forests is critical for ecosystem function, wildlife protection and ecosystem productivity. The interest to estimate biodiversity increased during the last decades at landscape level. The objective was to elaborate a map of potential biodiversity (MPB) of understory species of Nothofagus forest using potential habitat suitability maps (PHS) of 15 plants in Santa Cruz province, Argentina. Additionally, we asked the following questions: (i) Were plant species differentially distributed according to the forest types?, (ii) do forest types represent different plant species assemblage with specific ecological niche requirements?, and (iii) is it possible to detect hotspots in the MBP according to the forest types? We used 721 plots database of vascular plants, from where 15 indicator species were identified. The assemblage species for different forests (Nothofagus antarctica, N. pumilio and evergreen mixed) were analysed using a detrended correspondence analysis. Also, we explored 41 potential explanatory variables to develop PHS, and combined these maps to obtain one MPB (1–100%). Finally, we analysed the outputs into a GIS through different landscapes alternatives to detect hotspot areas. Marginality and specialization values allowed identifying species assemblage that presented similar variability in the habitat requirements. MPB varied across the landscape, with higher values in the south and lower values near glaciers. MPB had the highest values in N. antarctica forest with >50% cover at landscape level. N. antarctica present more hotspots than N. pumilio forests, mainly in the south, compared to mixed evergreen forests which present few hotspots near glaciers. These results can be used as a tool to design new management and conservation strategies at landscape level. [Display omitted] •Habitat suitability models allowed define habitat requirement for studied species.•Map of potential biodiversity synthetizes the information for the indicator species.•Understory potential biodiversity changed across the different forest types.•Nothofagus antarctica forest presented the highest potential biodiversity.•Ecotone areas with different vegetation types supported more potential biodiversity.