Association of body fat distribution and metabolic syndrome with the occurrence of colorectal adenoma: A case‐control study

• Published in: Journal of digestive diseases Vol. 22; no. 4; pp. 222 - 229
• Main Authors: Liu, Zhong Hui, Zhang, Gui Xi, Zhang, Hao, Jiang, Li, Deng, Yang, Chan, Fion Siu Yin, Fan, Joe King Man
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd 01.04.2021; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adenoma; bioelectrical impedance; Blood pressure; Body fat; Body mass index; Carcinogenesis; Cholesterol; Colon; colonic adenoma; Colorectal cancer; Hip; Metabolic syndrome; Multivariate analysis; obesity; Risk factors; Tumors; metabolic syndrome; bioelectrical impedance; colonic adenoma; obesity; body fat
• ISSN: 1751-2972; 1751-2980
• DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12979

Objective Visceral fat is thought to play different roles in the carcinogenesis of the colon with peripheral fat. Our aim was to evaluate the association of body fat distribution measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with the incidence of colorectal adenoma (CRA). Methods A total of 410 asymptomatic participants who underwent a screening colonoscopy from July 2017 to December 2019 in our center were recruited, including 230 with adenomas and 180 without detected adenomas. The participants’ body fat was measured by BIA, including their body fat mass (BFM), body fat percentage (BFP), and waist‐to‐hip ratio. Parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood level of triglyceride, cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein were measured as well. Results According to univariate analysis, age, male sex, body mass index, waist circumference, BFM, waist‐to‐hip ratio, blood pressure, and FBG were higher in the adenoma group than in the adenoma‐free group (P < 0.05). On multivariate logistical analysis (adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, and family history of CRC), a high waist‐to‐hip ratio was associated with a high incidence of CRA (odds ratio [OR] 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09‐3.09, P = 0.02). Only a large waist circumference in components of MetS was independently associated with the incidence of CRA (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.17‐3.08, P = 0.01) in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Body fat distribution is associated with CRA, central obesity is a core risk factor for CRA in MetS. Chinese Clinical Trial Registration number: ChiCTR‐RRC‐17010862. A case‐control study was conducted to evaluate the association of body fat distribution measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and metabolic syndrome with status of colorectal adenoma in patients underwent screening colonoscopy. Results indicated that a high waist‐to‐hip ratio is independently associated with colorectal adenoma, and that a large waist circumference as a component of metabolic syndromes is a core risk factor for colorectal adenoma.