Continuing competence assessment and maintenance in occupational therapy: Scoping review with stakeholder consultation

• Published in: Australian occupational therapy journal Vol. 64; no. 6; pp. 486 - 500
• Main Authors: Myers, Christine T., Schaefer, Nancy, Coudron, Ashley
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.12.2017
• Subjects: clinical competence; Clinical Competence - standards; Competence; continuing education; credentialing; Educational Measurement - standards; Evaluation; Health care; Humans; Occupational therapists; Occupational therapy; Occupational Therapy - standards; professional competence; Professional development; Quality of service; Regulation; Regulatory agencies; Segmentation; self‐evaluation programs; Stakeholders; Translation; Websites; self-evaluation programs; continuing education; clinical competence; professional competence; credentialing
• ISSN: 0045-0766; 1440-1630
• DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12398

Background/aim Continuing competence activities hold the promise of improving health‐care service quality, especially given concerns about system inefficiencies and fragmentation. The aim of this scoping review was to describe the assessment and maintenance of occupational therapists’ continuing competence and identify knowledge gaps for future research. A secondary aim was comparing scoping review findings with those from other health‐care fields and considering possible impact of varying international regulations. Methods A series of database searches retrieved peer‐reviewed and grey literature on assessment and maintenance of occupational therapy continuing competence from 1995 to 2015. Themes were developed and findings shared with stakeholders, whose comments drove a second phase: searching for reviews related to continuing competence from allied health, medicine, and nursing, and reviewing websites and documents concerning regulatory requirements for occupational therapy continuing competence in seven English‐speaking nations. Results Twenty‐seven sources from the scoping review search met inclusion criteria. Stakeholder consultation validated the themes and preliminary knowledge gaps. Research into other health‐care specialties corresponded to findings from the scoping review. The website/document review of occupational therapy regulatory requirements revealed wide variation on both the state/province and national levels. Conclusions This scoping review highlights gaps in research on effective methods and assessment of occupational therapy continuing competence. Findings suggest a need for research on approaches to continuing competence that incorporate the translation of evidence to practice and address the influence of external factors. Regulatory agencies may address the quality of occupational therapy services by incorporating a variety of professional development options into requirements.