DEK protein level is a biomarker of CD138positive normal and malignant plasma cells

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 5; p. e0178025
• Main Authors: Çalışkaner, Zihni Onur, Çakar, Türkan, Özçelik, Emrah, Özdilek, Ahmet, Kim, Annette S, Doğan, Öner, Bosompem, Amma, Grosveld, Gerard, Saka, Bülent, Kandilci, Ayten
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Aberration; Acute myeloid leukemia; Amplification; Animal models; Antibodies; B-cell lymphoma; Biology; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomarkers - metabolism; Biotechnology; Blood; Bone marrow; Bones; Bortezomib; Breast cancer; Burkitt's lymphoma; Cancer; Cell cycle; Cell death; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Chemotherapy; Children; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - genetics; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism; Colorectal carcinoma; Crosslinking; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diagnosis; Differentiation; Disease detection; DNA; DNA repair; Fluorescence; Gene expression; Genetics; Humans; Immunology; Inhibition; Leukemia; Lymphocytes B; Lymphoma; Malignancy; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical models; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Melanoma; Microbiology; Molecular biology; Multiple myeloma; Multiple Myeloma - metabolism; Multiple Myeloma - pathology; Myeloid leukemia; Neoplasia; Oncogene Proteins - genetics; Oncogene Proteins - metabolism; Pathology; Patients; Plasma Cells - metabolism; Plasmas (physics); Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins; Probes; Proteins; Research and Analysis Methods; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA, Messenger - genetics; Senescence; Syndecan-1 - metabolism; Tumor cells; Tumors; Urinary bladder; Istanbul Turkey; Turkey; United States > US; Tennessee; Nashville Tennessee
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178025

Overexpression of DEK oncogene is associated with increased proliferation of carcinoma cells and it is observed in several solid tumors due to the amplification of the 6p22.3 chromosomal region where DEK locates. Although the same chromosomal amplification occurs in multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell neoplasm, whether the expression and the copy number of the DEK gene are affected in MM remains elusive. We show that despite the increased copy number in CD138positive MM cells (4 out of 41 MM samples), DEK mRNA expression was down-regulated compared with that in CD138negative bone marrow (BM) cells of the same patients (P<0.0001). DEK protein was not detectable by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in CD138positive normal plasma cells or in malignant plasma cells of MM patients (n = 56) whereas it was widely expressed in normal and neoplastic B-cells. Stable knockdown or overexpression of DEK in CD138positive MM cell lines did not affect the proliferation and viability of the cells profoundly in the presence or absence of chemotherapeutic agent melphalan whereas knockdown of DEK moderately but significantly increased the expression level of CD138 (p<0.01). Decreased DEK expression in plasma cells suggests a potential role of this gene in plasma cell development and lack of detectable DEK protein by IHC could be used as a biomarker for normal and malignant plasma cells.