Consumption of a high‐fat diet does not potentiate the deleterious effects on lipid and protein levels and body development in rats subjected to maternal protein restriction

• Published in: Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology Vol. 47; no. 3; pp. 412 - 421
• Main Authors: Barbosa, Sávio dos Santos, Mello, Ana Paula da Fonseca Arcoverde Cabral, Nogueira, Viviane de Oliveira, da Silva, Ially Fabiane, de Melo, Palloma Emanuelle Dornelas, dos Santos, Carlos Renato, Costa‐Silva, João Henrique da, Araújo, Alice Valença
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2020
• Subjects: Animals; biochemical parameters; Birth weight; Body Mass Index; body patterning; Body Size - physiology; Breastfeeding & lactation; Consumption; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - trends; Diet, Protein-Restricted - adverse effects; Diet, Protein-Restricted - trends; Female; Gestation; High fat diet; Lactation; Lipid Metabolism - physiology; Lipids; Low protein diet; Male; Malnutrition - metabolism; Malnutrition - physiopathology; maternal diet; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - physiology; Mechanical ventilation; Nutrient deficiency; Offspring; Organic chemistry; Organs; Parameters; Physical growth; Pregnancy; protein undernutrition; Proteins; Proteins - metabolism; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Undernutrition; Ventilation; ventilatory parameters; Weaning; maternal diet; protein undernutrition; biochemical parameters; body patterning; ventilatory parameters; high-fat diet
• ISSN: 0305-1870; 1440-1681
• DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13210

Maternal undernutrition may cause injuries in several organs of the offspring, as well as lead to diseases in adulthood. Obesity and/or the consumption of a high‐fat diet may also induce metabolic and cardiorespiratory diseases. We hypothesized that the consumption of a post‐weaning high‐fat diet would potentiate the deleterious effects of maternal protein undernutrition. This study evaluated the effects of the association of a low‐protein diet during gestation and lactation with a post‐weaning high‐fat diet on the biochemical and ventilatory parameters of rats. Male Wistar rats from mothers who received a low‐protein (9% of protein) or normoprotein diet during pregnancy and lactation received a high‐fat (32% of total kilocalories from lipids) or a normal fat diet after weaning. Mass gain and somatic growth of the offspring were monitored. Also examined were biochemical chemical parameters and respiratory frequency, tidal volume (volume of air displaced in each normal respiratory cycle when extra effort is not applied), and pulmonary ventilation. Offspring from undernourished mothers presented lower birth weight (P = .0225), which remained until the end of lactation (P < .01). The rats that consumed high‐fat diet and had been submitted to maternal undernutrition presented higher tidal volume when compared to the ones that consumed control diet at the 21st day of life (P ˂ .05). At 30 and 90 days, no further ventilatory changes were observed. Our data show that the consumption of a high‐fat diet post‐weaning did not seem to potentiate the changes induced by maternal undernutrition.