Chronic tissue inflammation and metabolic disease

Obesity is the most common cause of insulin resistance, and the current obesity epidemic is driving a parallel rise in the incidence of T2DM. It is now widely recognized that chronic, subacute tissue inflammation is a major etiologic component of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inGenes & development Vol. 35; no. 5-6; pp. 307 - 328
Main Authors Lee, Yun Sok, Olefsky, Jerrold
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 01.03.2021
Subjects
Review
metaflammation
β-cell dysfunction
immunometabolism
inflammation
glucose intolerance
macrophage
insulin resistance
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Summary:Obesity is the most common cause of insulin resistance, and the current obesity epidemic is driving a parallel rise in the incidence of T2DM. It is now widely recognized that chronic, subacute tissue inflammation is a major etiologic component of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of immunometabolism. We discuss the characteristics of chronic inflammation in the major metabolic tissues and how obesity triggers these events, including a focus on the role of adipose tissue hypoxia and macrophage-derived exosomes. Last, we also review current and potential new therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation.
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ISSN:0890-9369
1549-5477
1549-5477
DOI:10.1101/gad.346312.120