Paraneoplastic syndromes review: The great forgotten ones

Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are a group of disorders that can affect the oncologic patient, and which are not directly attributable to tumour invasion, tumour compression or metastasis. In fact, they are due to tumour secretion of functional hormones or peptides or are related to immune cross-rea...

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Published inCritical reviews in oncology/hematology Vol. 174; p. 103676
Main Authors Sardiña González, Cristina, Martínez Vivero, Clara, López Castro, José
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.06.2022
Subjects
Dermatology
Endocrinology
Hematology
Neurology
Paraneoplastic
Review
Screening
Treatment
Neurology
Screening
Paraneoplastic
Treatment
Hematology
Dermatology
Review
Endocrinology
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Summary:Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are a group of disorders that can affect the oncologic patient, and which are not directly attributable to tumour invasion, tumour compression or metastasis. In fact, they are due to tumour secretion of functional hormones or peptides or are related to immune cross-reactivity with the host tissue. These syndromes are called paraneoplastic because the components that cause them do not derive from the organ or tissue of origin, but from the neoplasm suffered by the patient. It is estimated that 10–15% of people with cancer suffer from a PNS (Coleman, 2018). PNS is the second direct cause of death (27% of cases) in cancer patients, after cancer itself. Consequently, it is of remarkable importance to recognize and treat SPNs specifically (Serraj et al., 2020). In view of the above, the aim of this article is to review the state of the art in neurological, haematological, endocrine, and dermatological paraneoplastic syndromes. It is a review in which the most relevant PNS and their symptomatology are described, inquiring into their diagnosis and treatment. [Display omitted] •Paraneoplastic syndromes are difficult to diagnose and characterise because they are very polymorphic.•They present high morbidity and frequently appear before the diagnosis of the neoplasm.•Their adequate management is through treatment of the primary neoplasm.•Their prognosis is ominous and parallel to that of the neoplastic disease that originates them.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ISSN:1040-8428
1879-0461
DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103676