Balance of potassium in two long-term field experiments with different fertilization treatments

• Published in: Plant, soil and environment Vol. 65; no. 5; pp. 225 - 232
• Main Authors: Balík, Jiří, Černý, Jindřich, Kulhánek, Martin, Sedlář, Ondřej, Suran, Pavel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Czech
• Published: Prague Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) 01.01.2019; Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences
• Subjects: Animal manures; Barley; bioavailable k; Cereal crops; Climatic conditions; Crops; farmyard manure; Fertilization; Fertilizers; Field tests; Hydroxyapatite; Manures; Mineral fertilizers; Nitrogen; non-exchangeable k; Potassium; Potatoes; Soil conditions; Soils; Straw; Wheat; wheat, barley; Winter wheat
• ISSN: 1214-1178; 1805-9368
• DOI: 10.17221/109/2019-PSE

Balance of potassium (K) was observed in long-term stationary field experiments (21 years) at two sites with different soil and climatic conditions (Luvisol, Cambisol). The following crops were rotated within the trial: potatoes- winter wheat-spring barley. All three crops were grown each year. The trial comprised 6 treatments: (1) no fertilization; (2) farmyard manure; (3) half dose of farmyard manure + nitrogen (N) in mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (4) mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (5) NPK in mineral fertilizers; (6) straw of spring barley + N in mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The recovery rate of potassium from farmyard manure by crops was 24–26%, from mineral fertilizers it was 27–52%. Different fertilization intensities were manifested by significant differences in the content of exchangeable K in soil. Changes in non-exchangeable K (Kne) were recorded only at the Luvisol site (850 mg Kne/kg), but not at the Cambisol site (3000 mg Kne/kg). The maximum negative balance (–2376 kg K/ha/21 years) was recorded at the mineral nitrogen fertilization treatment.