Gas phase hydroformylation of propene catalyzed by a polymer bound rhodium(I) complex

• Published in: Journal of molecular catalysis Vol. 80; no. 3; pp. 365 - 375
• Main Authors: Heinrich, Bernd, Chen, Yuying, Hjortkjær, Jes
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 06.04.1993; Elsevier Sequoia
• Subjects: Catalysis; Catalytic reactions; Chemistry; counter ion effect; deactivation; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; hydroformylation; polymer bound; propene; rhodium; Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry; propene; hydroformylation; counter ion effect; polymer bound; deactivation; rhodium; Cationic complex; Catalytic reaction; Deactivation; Hydrocarbon; Aliphatic compound; Instrumentation; Polymer; Rhodium I Carbonyl Complexes; Transition metal Carbonyl Complexes; Experimental study; Supported catalyst; Platinoid Carbonyl Complexes; Propene; Preparation; Hydroformylation; Kinetics; Copolymer; Rate constant; Ethylenic compound
• ISSN: 0304-5102
• DOI: 10.1016/0304-5102(93)85009-I

The continuous gas phase hydroformylation of propene is catalyzed by a cationic rhodium carbonyl complex co-ordinatively bound to a copolymer of 2-vinylpyridine and methyl acrylate crosslinked with 5 mol% ethene diacrylate. The counter ion had a strong effect on both activity and deactivation. At 403 K and 1100 kPa total pressure (C 3:CO:H 2=2.4:2.2:1.0) the total initial rate was 8.5 × 10 −7 mol/(s gRh) with tetraphenylborate as counter ion. The regioselectivity was close to 1. The catalyst rapidly lost about 50% of its initial activity. Deactivation was accompanied by benzene formation, indicating a reaction of the tetraphenylborate counter ion with traces of water. As benzene formation diminished, deactivation slowed down. A catalyst with chloride as charge balancing ligand was less active and needed activation at higher temperatures than the tetraphenylborate complex. Only slow deactivation was observed with this catalyst.