MR-assisted PET respiratory motion correction using deep-learning based short-scan motion fields

• Published in: Magnetic resonance in medicine Vol. 88; no. 2; pp. 676 - 690
• Main Authors: Chen, Sihao, Fraum, Tyler J, Eldeniz, Cihat, Mhlanga, Joyce, Gan, Weijie, Vahle, Thomas, Krishnamurthy, Uday B, Faul, David, Gach, H Michael, Binkley, Michael M, Kamilov, Ulugbek S, Laforest, Richard, An, Hongyu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.08.2022
• Subjects: Conspicuity; Deep Learning; Fields (mathematics); Fourier transforms; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods; Learning; Lesions; Liver; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Medical imaging; Motion; Positron emission; Positron-Emission Tomography - methods; Reconstruction; Spokes; Tomography; Tumors; deep learning; free-breathing; respiratory motion correction; PET/MRI; CAPTURE; P2P
• ISSN: 0740-3194; 1522-2594; 1522-2594
• DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29233

We evaluated the impact of PET respiratory motion correction (MoCo) in a phantom and patients. Moreover, we proposed and examined a PET MoCo approach using motion vector fields (MVFs) from a deep-learning reconstructed short MRI scan. The evaluation of PET MoCo was performed in a respiratory motion phantom study with varying lesion sizes and tumor to background ratios (TBRs) using a static scan as the ground truth. MRI-based MVFs were derived from either 2000 spokes (MoCo , 5-6 min acquisition time) using a Fourier transform reconstruction or 200 spokes (MoCo , 30-40 s acquisition time) using a deep-learning Phase2Phase (P2P) reconstruction and then incorporated into PET MoCo reconstruction. For six patients with hepatic lesions, the performance of PET MoCo was evaluated using quantitative metrics (SUV , SUV , SUV , lesion volume) and a blinded radiological review on lesion conspicuity. MRI-assisted PET MoCo methods provided similar results to static scans across most lesions with varying TBRs in the phantom. Both MoCo and MoCo PET images had significantly higher SUV , SUV , SUV and significantly lower lesion volume than non-motion-corrected (non-MoCo) PET images. There was no statistical difference between MoCo and MoCo PET images for SUV , SUV , SUV or lesion volume. Both radiological reviewers found that MoCo and MoCo PET significantly improved lesion conspicuity. An MRI-assisted PET MoCo method was evaluated using the ground truth in a phantom study. In patients with hepatic lesions, PET MoCo images improved quantitative and qualitative metrics based on only 30-40 s of MRI motion modeling data.