A Comprehensive Review on Power-Quality Issues, Optimization Techniques, and Control Strategies of Microgrid Based on Renewable Energy Sources

Microgrids (MGs) are systems that cleanly, efficiently, and economically integrate Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to the electrical grid. They are capable of reducing transmission losses and improving the use of electricity and heat. However, RESs presents intermit...

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Published inSustainability Vol. 15; no. 12; p. 9847
Main Authors Hernández-Mayoral, Emmanuel, Madrigal-Martínez, Manuel, Mina-Antonio, Jesús D, Iracheta-Cortez, Reynaldo, Enríquez-Santiago, Jesús A, Rodríguez-Rivera, Omar, Martínez-Reyes, Gregorio, Mendoza-Santos, Edwin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.06.2023
Subjects
Alternative energy sources
Analysis
Comparative analysis
Distributed generation
Electric power grids
Electric power transmission
Electricity distribution
Energy consumption
Energy industry
Energy management
Energy management systems
Energy resources
Energy storage
Infrastructure
Literature reviews
Mathematical optimization
Mitigation
Operating costs
Optimization
Optimization techniques
Power converters
Renewable energy sources
Renewable resources
Stochasticity
Storage systems
Sustainability
Sustainable yield
Synchronism
Synchronization
System reliability
Transmission loss
New York
Mexico
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Summary:Microgrids (MGs) are systems that cleanly, efficiently, and economically integrate Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to the electrical grid. They are capable of reducing transmission losses and improving the use of electricity and heat. However, RESs presents intermittent behavior derived from the stochastic nature of the renewable resources available on site. This can cause power-quality issues throughout the electrical grid, which can be solved by different optimization techniques and/or control strategies applied to power converters. This paper offers a detailed review of the literature regarding three important aspects: (i) Power-quality issues generated in MGs both in islanded mode and grid-connected mode; (ii) Optimization techniques used in the MGs to achieve the optimal operating conditions of the Energy Management System (EMS); and (iii) Control strategies implemented in the MGs to guarantee stability, mitigation of power-quality issues, power balance, and synchronization with the grid. It is worth mentioning that in this paper, we emphasize hybrid MGs (HMGs) since they combine the benefits of AC–MGs and DC–MGs while increasing system reliability. As the utility grid moves toward an optimal design of MG structures, this paper will serve as a foundation for future research, comparative analysis, and further development of novel techniques regarding HMGs.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su15129847