Purification, structure features and anti-atherosclerosis activity of a Laminaria japonica polysaccharide

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules Vol. 81; pp. 926 - 935
• Main Authors: Peng, Fu-Hua, Zha, Xue-Qiang, Cui, Shao-Hua, Asghar, Muhammad-Naeem, Pan, Li-Hua, Wang, Jun-Hui, Luo, Jian-Ping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.11.2015
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis - blood; Atherosclerosis - drug therapy; Atherosclerosis - genetics; Atherosclerosis - pathology; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; Cell Adhesion Molecules - blood; Cell Movement - drug effects; Chemokines - blood; Diet, High-Fat; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Laminaria - chemistry; Laminaria japonica; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Lipid Metabolism - genetics; Lipids - blood; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - pathology; Male; Malondialdehyde - blood; Methylation; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Monosaccharides - analysis; NF-kappa B; Plaque, Atherosclerotic - blood; Plaque, Atherosclerotic - drug therapy; Plaque, Atherosclerotic - genetics; Plaque, Atherosclerotic - pathology; Polysaccharide; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - isolation & purification; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Polysaccharides - therapeutic use; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Superoxide Dismutase - blood; Polysaccharide; Anti-atherosclerosis; Laminaria japonica
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.027

•A homogenous polysaccharide (LJP12) was isolated from Laminaria japonica.•The structural features of LJP12 were characterized.•The anti-atherosclerosis activity of LJP12 was evaluated.•The mechanisms of anti-atherosclerosis of LJP12 were studied. A homogeneous polysaccharide (LJP12) was isolated from Laminaria japonica by diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and Sephacryl S-500 chromatography, with a molecular weight of 2.31×106Da. Monosaccharide analysis showed that LJP12 was mainly composed of arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1:0.17:1.54:2.64:0.18. For these monosaccharides, mannose was suggested to be 1,4-linked and 1,3,6-linked while glucose was linked by 1,6-glycosidic bond. The xylose, arabinose and galactose were suggested to be the terminal residues. To study the effects of LJP12 on protecting against atherosclerosis, LJP12 was administered to LDL receptor-deficient (LDLr−/−) mice (50, 100 and 200mg/kg/day, n=30 for each experimental group). Results showed that LJP12 exhibited the ability to inhibit high-fat-cholesterol diet (HFD)-induced formation of atherosclerotic plaques and plasma lipid levels in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, both the HFD-induced systemic inflammation and local inflammation at the site of atherosclerotic lesion were significantly attenuated by LJP12, which were accompanied by the suppression of the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Taken together, we concluded that long-term oral administration of LJP12 protects against atherosclerosis in LDLr−/− mice via inhibiting NF-κB/MAPKs-mediated inflammatory responses.