Distinct Effects of Allogeneic Blood Transfusion on Splenocyte Cytokine Production after Hemorrhagic Shock

• Published in: The Journal of surgical research Vol. 75; no. 1; pp. 54 - 60
• Main Authors: Sullivan, Dennis J., Barton, Richard G., Edelman, Linda S., Shao, Yuanlin, Nelson, Edward W., Shelby, Jane
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 15.02.1998; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Transfusion; Blood. Blood and plasma substitutes. Blood products. Blood cells. Blood typing. Plasmapheresis. Apheresis; Cells, Cultured; cytokines; Cytokines - biosynthesis; hemorrhagic shock; immunomodulation; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis; Interleukin-10 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-2 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis; Kinetics; Male; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C3H; Shock, Hemorrhagic - immunology; Spleen - immunology; Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy; hemorrhagic shock; blood transfusion; immunomodulation; cytokines; Shock; Animal model; Transfusion; Immunomodulation; Rodentia; Cytokine; Cardiovascular disease; Splenocyte; Experimental study; Hemorrhage; Blood; Vascular disease; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Treatment; Mouse; Production; Biological effect; Comparative study; Bibliographic review
• ISSN: 0022-4804; 1095-8673
• DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1997.5254

Allogeneic blood transfusion is known to be immunosuppressive in the settings of cancer and transplantation, but the contribution of blood transfusion to immunomodulation after hemorrhage is unknown. Our purpose was to determine the influence of allogeneic blood transfusion upon cytokine profiles following hemorrhagic shock, using a model which approximates the clinical setting. Methods.Male C3H/HeN mice were hemorrhaged via femoral arterial catheters to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 35 ± 5 mm Hg, which was maintained for 1 h. Mice were resuscitated with autologous blood (auto BT) or allogeneic blood (allo BT) from Balb/c mice (both equivalent to volume of shed blood), and crystalloid (2X the volume of shed blood)-infused at 0.05 ml/min. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, and 5 days postshock, and splenocytes were cultured for 24 h with anti-CD3 antibody. Supernatants were assayed for IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and γ-IFN by ELISA. Results.Regardless of transfusion status, hemorrhagic shock resulted in increased IL-6 and γ-IFN by Day 2 postshock. Distinct cytokine alterations after allogeneic transfusion were as follows. IL-2: transient elevation of splenocyte IL-2 production in the shock + allo BT group (P< 0.005 vs. shock + auto BT) at Postshock Day 2. IL-6: suppression in IL-6 production in the shock + allo BT group by Postshock Day 5 (P< 0.05 vs. shock + auto BT). IL-10: persistently elevated IL-10 production following shock + allo BT (Day 1,P< 0.001 vs. shock + auto BT; Day 5;P< 0.05 vs. shock + auto BT). γ-IFN: elevation in γ-IFN production by Day 5 in the shock + allo BT group (P< 0.0005 vs. shock + auto BT). Conclusions.Allogeneic blood transfusion results in distinct alterations in splenocyte production of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and γ-IFN after hemorrhagic shock. This model reflects the clinical usage of blood products and demonstrates some of the immune alterations after transfusion.