Fabrication of a novel low-cost superoleophilic nonanyl chitosan-poly (butyl acrylate) grafted copolymer for the adsorptive removal of crude oil spills

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules Vol. 140; pp. 588 - 599
• Main Authors: Omer, A.M., Khalifa, R.E., Tamer, T.M., Elnouby, M., Hamed, A.M., Ammar, Y.A., Ali, A.A., Gouda, M., Eldin, M.S. Mohy
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.11.2019
• Subjects: Acrylates - chemistry; Adsorption; Chitosan - chemistry; Crude oil removal; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kinetics; Nonanyl chitosan; Petroleum - analysis; Petroleum Pollution - adverse effects; Poly (butyl acrylate); Polymers - chemistry; Schiff Bases - chemistry; Superoleophilic adsorbent; Temperature; Thermodynamic studies; Thermodynamics; Poly (butyl acrylate); Superoleophilic adsorbent; Thermodynamic studies; Nonanyl chitosan; Kinetics; Crude oil removal
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.169

A novel superoleophilic-hydrophobic nonanyl chitosan-poly (butyl acrylate) grafted copolymer was fabricated as a low-cost oil-adsorbent. Chitosan (CS) was coupled with a hydrophobic nonanal (N) to form nonanyl chitosan (NCS) schiff base, and followed by grafting with butyl acrylate monomers (ButA). The grafted copolymer was characterized by FTIR, TGA and SEM tools. The grafting percent was augmented and reached 88.5% with increasing ButA concentration up to 156 mM. Moreover, measurements of contact angle proved the superoleophilic character of NCS-g-poly (ButA) copolymer with an oil-contact angle 31°. Factors affecting the removal process such as contact time, oil type, oil dose, adsorbent dose, temperature and agitation speed were optimized. An increment in the oil removal (%) was observed with increasing the oil viscosity in the order of gasoil < mobil-1 oil < light crude oil < heavy crude oil. Besides, the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second order model and the equilibrium data were sufficiently fitted with the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity 108.79 g/g at 25 °C. Thermodynamic parameters computed from Van't Hoff plot confirmed the process to be exothermic, favorable and spontaneous. The results nominate the superoleophilic adsorbent as a potential oil- adsorbent for petroleum oil spills removal. [Display omitted] •An oleophilic nonanyl chitosan-poly (butyl acrylate) grafted copolymer was prepared.•An oil-artificial seawater system was conducted as an adsorption medium.•Factors affecting the crude oil-adsorption were studied•Results were verified by classical kinetic models, equilibrium isotherm models and thermodynamics studies.