New synthetic chitosan hybrids bearing some heterocyclic moieties with potential activity as anticancer and apoptosis inducers

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules Vol. 150; pp. 1323 - 1330
• Main Authors: El-Naggar, Marwa M., Haneen, David S.A., Mehany, Ahmed B.M., Khalil, Magdy T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2020
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - chemical synthesis; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Apoptosis - drug effects; bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism; Caspase 3 - metabolism; Cell Cycle Checkpoints - drug effects; Chitosan - chemistry; Chitosan - pharmacology; Chitosan nanoparticles; Cytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction; HCT116 Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Heterocyclic Compounds - chemical synthesis; Heterocyclic Compounds - chemistry; Heterocyclic Compounds - pharmacology; Heterocyclic Schiff bases; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - pathology; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism; Cytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction; Heterocyclic Schiff bases; Chitosan nanoparticles
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.142

Wastes of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii were used as precursor for the extraction of chitin, which was deacetylation with alkali giving chitosan. Chitosan was transformed into the nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate. Chitosan Cs and its nanoparticles CNP were characterized through FTIR, 1H NMR and surface morphology. Moreover, it was converted into some chitosan Schiff bases; CSB-1,2,3, containing different five membered heterocyclic moieties and also they were characterized. All of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against three cell lines, such as HepG-2, HCT-116 and MCF-7, whereas compounds CSB-2 and CSB-3 showed the highest cytotoxic activities. The higher activities for the latter compounds were confirmed through apoptosis studies (Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio) against HePG-2 cells. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis induction showed that compound CSB-2 induces apoptosis at pre G1 phase and cell growth arrest at G2/M phase.