H3PW12O40/SBA-15 for the Solventless Synthesis of 3-Substituted Indoles

A family of silica-supported H3PW12O40 (HPW) solid acid catalysts was prepared by wet impregnation of mesoporous SBA-15 and investigated for the solventless synthesis of 3-substituted indoles under mild conditions. Mesoporous SBA-15 facilitated a high dispersion of immobilised H3PW12O40, significant...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCatalysts Vol. 9; no. 5; p. 409
Main Authors Tayebee, Reza, Lee, Adam F, Frattini, Lucia, Rostami, Shahrebano
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.05.2019
Subjects
3-substituted indole
Acids
Aldehydes
Ammonia
Catalysis
Catalysts
Chemical reactions
condensation
Ethanol
Fourier transforms
H3PW12O40
Indoles
Malononitrile
SBA-15
Silica
Silicon dioxide
Spectrum analysis
Substitutes
Substrates
Synthesis
United Kingdom > UK
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Summary:A family of silica-supported H3PW12O40 (HPW) solid acid catalysts was prepared by wet impregnation of mesoporous SBA-15 and investigated for the solventless synthesis of 3-substituted indoles under mild conditions. Mesoporous SBA-15 facilitated a high dispersion of immobilised H3PW12O40, significantly improving the catalytic efficiency of the heteropolyacid for the desired multi-component transformation. The yield of 3-substituted indoles strongly correlated with HPW loading (which spanned 3.2–51.6 wt %) and corresponding acid strength; the 51.6 wt % HPW/SBA-15 delivered 81% yield of 2-[(1H-indol-3-yl)(phenyl)methyl]malononitrile, approximately five times greater than that of the unsupported HPW, and exhibited a broad substrate scope for aromatic aldehydes.
ISSN:2073-4344
2073-4344
DOI:10.3390/catal9050409