Herbicide selectivity and weed control in gladiolus cultivation

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of pre- and post-emergent herbicides and their efficiency in weed control, as well as the growth and quality of floral stems, in a gladiolus (Gladiolus x grandiflorus) crop in two growing seasons. The experiments were carried out in...

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Published inPesquisa agropecuaria brasileira Vol. 58
Main Authors Wesz, Alessandra Minuzzi, Polidorio, Laura, Barbieri, Geovana Facco, Uhlmann, Lilian Osmari, Tomiozzo, Regina, Guarienti, Veronica Fuzer, Streck, Nereu Augusto, Ulguim, André da Rosa
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Portuguese
Published Embrapa Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 01.01.2023
Embrapa Informação Tecnológica
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Summary:Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of pre- and post-emergent herbicides and their efficiency in weed control, as well as the growth and quality of floral stems, in a gladiolus (Gladiolus x grandiflorus) crop in two growing seasons. The experiments were carried out in the field, where the planted gladiolus received the application of pre- and post-emergent herbicides, with and without mechanical weed control. At 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after emergence (DAE), monocotyledon and eudicotyledon control and phytotoxicity to gladiolus plants were evaluated. At 28 DAE, the shoot dry matter of weeds and gladiolus plants was also evaluated. The s-metolachlor and diuron pre-emergent herbicides and the haloxyfop-p-methyl post-emergent herbicide are selective to gladiolus plants in both seasons, which allows of the production of floral stems with commercial quality. The s-metolachlor and haloxyfop-p-methyl herbicides also promote an efficient control of monocotyledons regardless of the growing season. Although, when applied, saflufenacil and 2,4-D cause phytotoxicity in the vegetative phase of gladiolus, they do not affect the production of floral stems and control satisfactorily eudicotyledons in the second season. Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas pré e pós-emergentes e a sua eficiência no controle de plantas daninhas, bem como o crescimento e a qualidade de hastes florais, na cultura do gladíolo (Gladiolus x grandiflorus), em duas épocas de cultivo. Os experimentos foram conduzidos a campo, onde os gladíolos plantados receberam a aplicação de herbicidas pré e pós-emergentes, com e sem controle mecânico das plantas daninhas. Aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a emergência (DAE), avaliaram-se o controle de monocotiledôneas e eudicotiledôneas, além da fitotoxicidade no gladíolo. Aos 28 DAE, também foi avaliada a massa seca da parte aérea das plantas daninhas e dos gladíolos. Os herbicidas pré-emergentes s-metolacloro e diuron e o pós-emergente haloxifope-p-metílico são seletivos ao gladíolo, em ambas as épocas de cultivo, o que possibilita a produção de hastes florais com qualidade comercial. Os herbicidas s-metolacloro e haloxifope-p-metílico também promovem controle eficiente de monocotiledôneas independentemente da época de cultivo. Embora, quando aplicados, saflufenacil e 2,4-D causem fitotoxicidade na fase vegetativa do gladíolo, não afetam a produção de hastes florais e controlam satisfatoriamente as eudicotiledôneas no segundo cultivo.
ISSN:0100-204X
1678-3921
1678-3921
DOI:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03009