Physical Human-Robot Interaction With a Tethered Aerial Vehicle: Application to a Force-Based Human Guiding Problem

• Published in: IEEE transactions on robotics Vol. 37; no. 3; pp. 723 - 734
• Main Authors: Tognon, Marco, Alami, Rachid, Siciliano, Bruno
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.06.2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Aerial systems; Computer Science; Electrical impedance; Flexible manipulators; Force; force control; Human engineering; Human-robot interaction; mechanics and control; motion control; physical human-robot interaction (pHRI); Robotics; Robots; Safety; Systems and Control; Task analysis; Tracking errors; Trajectory planning; Unmanned aerial vehicles; Vehicle dynamics; Motion Control; Physical Human-Robot Interaction; Force Control; Aerial Systems: Mechanics and Control
• ISSN: 1552-3098; 1941-0468
• DOI: 10.1109/TRO.2020.3038700

Today, physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) is a very popular topic in the field of ground manipulation. At the same time, aerial physical interaction is also developing very fast. Nevertheless, pHRI with aerial vehicles has not been addressed so far. In this work, we present the study of one of the first systems in which a human is physically connected to an aerial vehicle by a cable. We want the robot to be able to pull the human toward a desired position (or along a path) only using forces as an indirect communication-channel. We propose an admittance-based approach with a controller, inspired by the literature on flexible manipulators, that computes the desired interaction forces that properly guide the human. The stability of the system is formally proved with a Lyapunov-based argument. The system is also shown to be passive, and thus robust to nonidealities like model and tracking errors, additional human forces, time-varying inputs, and other external disturbances. We also design a maneuver regulation policy to simplify the path following problem. The global method has been experimentally validated on a group of four subjects, showing a reliable and safe pHRI.