Atypical multidrug resistance: breast cancer resistance protein messenger RNA expression in mitoxantrone-selected cell lines

• Published in: JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute Vol. 91; no. 5; pp. 429 - 433
• Main Authors: Ross, D D, Yang, W, Abruzzo, L V, Dalton, W S, Schneider, E, Lage, H, Dietel, M, Greenberger, L, Cole, S P, Doyle, L A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Oxford Publishing Limited (England) 03.03.1999
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Southern; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - genetics; Breast Neoplasms - metabolism; Colonic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Colonic Neoplasms - metabolism; Drug resistance; Drug Resistance, Multiple - genetics; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm - genetics; Fibrosarcoma - drug therapy; Fibrosarcoma - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Medical research; Mitoxantrone - pharmacology; Multiple Myeloma - drug therapy; Multiple Myeloma - metabolism; Neoplasm Proteins - biosynthesis; Neoplasm Proteins - genetics; Proteins; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA, Messenger - analysis; RNA, Neoplasm - analysis; Stomach Neoplasms - drug therapy; Stomach Neoplasms - metabolism; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Up-Regulation
• ISSN: 0027-8874; 1460-2105
• DOI: 10.1093/jnci/91.5.429

Human cancer cell lines grown in the presence of the cytotoxic agent mitoxantrone frequently develop resistance associated with a reduction in intracellular drug accumulation without increased expression of the known drug resistance transporters P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance protein (also known as multidrug resistance-associated protein). Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a recently described adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter associated with resistance to mitoxantrone and anthracyclines. This study was undertaken to test the prevalence of BCRP overexpression in cell lines selected for growth in the presence of mitoxantrone. Total cellular RNA or poly A+ RNA and genomic DNA were isolated from parental and drug-selected cell lines. Expression of BCRP messenger RNA (mRNA) and amplification of the BCRP gene were analyzed by northern and Southern blot hybridization, respectively. A variety of drug-resistant human cancer cell lines derived by selection with mitoxantrone markedly overexpressed BCRP mRNA; these cell lines included sublines of human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), colon carcinoma (S1 and HT29), gastric carcinoma (EPG85-257), fibrosarcoma (EPF86-079), and myeloma (8226) origins. Analysis of genomic DNA from BCRP-overexpressing MCF-7/MX cells demonstrated that the BCRP gene was also amplified in these cells. Overexpression of BCRP mRNA is frequently observed in multidrug-resistant cell lines selected with mitoxantrone, suggesting that BCRP is likely to be a major cellular defense mechanism elicited in response to exposure to this drug. It is likely that BCRP is the putative "mitoxantrone transporter" hypothesized to be present in these cell lines.