BICAMS in the Argentine population: Relationship with clinical and sociodemographic variables

• Published in: Applied neuropsychology. Adult Vol. 25; no. 5; pp. 424 - 433
• Main Authors: Vanotti, Sandra, Smerbeck, A., Eizaguirre, María B., Saladino, Maria L., Benedict, Ralph R. H., Caceres, Fernando J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Routledge 03.09.2018
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Argentina - epidemiology; BICAMS; cognition; Cognition Disorders - diagnosis; Cognition Disorders - etiology; depression; Disability Evaluation; employment status; fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Memory - physiology; Memory and Learning Tests; Middle Aged; multiple sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis - complications; Multiple Sclerosis - epidemiology; Multiple Sclerosis - psychology; Neuropsychological Tests; Outcome Assessment (Health Care); Space Perception - physiology; Statistics, Nonparametric; Young Adult; BICAMS; fatigue; employment status; depression; cognition; multiple sclerosis
• ISSN: 2327-9095; 2327-9109
• DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2017.1323751

The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) was developed to provide valid assessment of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS). The relationship between clinical and social variables and cognitive disorders has been extensively studied, but primarily in developed countries with a focus on other cognitive measures or batteries. The objectives of this study were to analyze the relationship between the BICAMS data and key clinical and sociodemographic variables in the Argentine MS population. A total of 50 MS patients were administered the Argentinean BICAMS Battery, comprised of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the California Verbal Learning Test I (CVLT I), and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised (BVMTR). Disease progression, fatigue, depression, self-reported and informant report cognitive status, and employment status were assessed. Disease progression and employment status were most strongly associated with overall BICAMS performance (η 2 effect size values ranging from .302 to .624, all comparisons statistically significant). Informant rating of patient cognition, age, depression, disease duration, fatigue, and work hours were significantly associated as well. Gender, years of education, and patient-reported cognitive status were nonpredictive. A similar pattern was seen at the individual test level, with more variables related to the SDMT and CVLT I than BVMTR. BICAMS is strongly associated with overall disease progression and employment status.