The effect of vitamin B12 on synaptic plasticity of hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease model rats

• Published in: International journal of neuroscience Vol. 133; no. 6; pp. 654 - 659
• Main Authors: Mehrdad, Jahanshahi, Leila, Elyasi, Emsehgol, Nikmahzar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 03.06.2023
• Subjects: Alzheimer disease (AD); Alzheimer Disease - chemically induced; Alzheimer Disease - drug therapy; Alzheimer Disease - metabolism; Animals; Caspase 3 - metabolism; caspase-3; COX-2; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; hippocampus; Hippocampus - metabolism; neurexin 1; neurolgin; Neuronal Plasticity; postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95); Rats; Scopolamine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 - pharmacology; Vitamins - metabolism; Vitamins - pharmacology; COX–2; hippocampus; neurolgin; postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD–95); Vitamin B 12; Alzheimer disease (AD); neurexin 1; caspase–3
• ISSN: 0020-7454; 1563-5279; 1543-5245; 1563-5279
• DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1962863

Hippocampus cells, responsible for learning and memory, are disturbed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), resulting in production of several inflammatory markers, such as neurexin 1 -neuroligin, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and caspase-3 proteins, used in measurement of AD's severity and development. Vitamin B 12 , which plays a role in brain functioning, has anti-inflammatory properties and its impairment is associated with apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin B 12 on restoration of Synaptic Plasticity on scopolamine-induced AD in rats. To simulate AD, Rats, except the control group were i.p. injected with 3 mg/kg scopolamine. Before scopolamine the pretreatment group vitamin B 12 (0.5, 2, and 4 mg/kg) was injected every day for the next 14 days. After 24 h, sectioning the rats' brains, the concentration of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), neurexin 1-neurolgin, COX-2, and caspase-3 proteins in hippocampus were measured using immunoblotting. B 12 significantly enhanced molecular balance. PSD-95 and neurexin 1 and neuroligin concentrations were significantly reduced, whereas COX-2 and activated caspase-3 were enhanced in the hippocampus of scopolamine-injected subjects. Their alterations were decreased after B12 administration. Vitamin B 12 protected scopolamine-injected rats and inhibited hippocampal inflammation and apoptosis and preserved pre- and post-synaptic proteins and possibly synaptic integrity in hippocampus route.