Organic thermoelectric device utilizing charge transfer interface as the charge generation by harvesting thermal energy

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 8115 - 8
• Main Authors: Kondo, Shun, Kameyama, Mana, Imaoka, Kentaro, Shimoi, Yoko, Mathevet, Fabrice, Fujihara, Takashi, Goto, Hiroshi, Nakanotani, Hajime, Yahiro, Masayuki, Adachi, Chihaya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 19.09.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 639/301/1005/1007; 639/4077/4107; Carrier transport; Copper; Current carriers; Diffusion layers; Energy charge; Energy harvesting; Energy value; Humanities and Social Sciences; Interfaces; multidisciplinary; Open circuit voltage; Room temperature; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Short circuit currents; Short-circuit current; Temperature gradients; Thermal energy; Thermoelectric power generation; Thermoelectricity
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52047-5

We propose an organic thermoelectric device having a new power generation mechanism that extracts small-scale thermal energy, i.e., a few tens of millielectronvolts, at room temperature without a temperature gradient. We demonstrate a new operating mechanism based on an organic thermoelectric power generation architecture that uses the charge separation capabilities of organic charge transfer (CT) interfaces composed of copper (II) phthalocyanine and copper (II) 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23,24,25-hexadecafluoro-29H,31H-phthalocyanine as the donor and acceptor, respectively. With the optimized device architecture, values of open-circuit voltage V OC of 384 mV, short-circuit current density J SC of 1.1 μA/cm 2 , and maximum output P max of 94 nW/cm 2 are obtained. The temperature characteristics of the thermoelectric properties yield activation energy values of approximately 20–60 meV, confirming the low-level thermal energy’s contribution to the power generation mechanism. Furthermore, from surface potential analysis using a Kelvin probe, we confirm that charges are generated at the CT interface, and the electrons and holes are diffused to the counter-electrodes with the aid of Fermi-level alignment between adjacent layers. The authors propose an organic thermoelectric device having a new power generation mechanism based on an organic charge transfer interface with carrier transport layers, extracting small-scale thermal energy, i.e., a few tens of millielectronvolts, at room temperature without a temperature gradient.