Multi-locus homozygosity promotes actuarial senescence in a wild mammal

• Published in: The Journal of animal ecology Vol. 92; no. 9; pp. 1881 - 1892
• Main Authors: Hudson, Dave W, McKinley, Trevelyan J, Benton, Clare H, Delahay, Richard, McDonald, Robbie A, Hodgson, Dave J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.09.2023
• Subjects: Badgers; Bayesian analysis; Ecological effects; Genomes; Homozygosity; Inbreeding; Meles meles; Mortality; Mortality risk; Mycobacterium bovis; Natural selection; Senescence; Sex; reverse jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo; wildlife disease; mortality trajectory; survival analysis; multi-locus homozygosity; Bayesian; inbreeding
• ISSN: 0021-8790; 1365-2656
• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13979

Genome-wide homozygosity, caused for example by inbreeding, is expected to have deleterious effects on survival and/or reproduction. Evolutionary theory predicts that any fitness costs are likely to be detected in late life because natural selection will filter out negative impacts on younger individuals with greater reproductive value. Here we infer associations between multi-locus homozygosity (MLH), sex, disease and age-dependent mortality risks using Bayesian analysis of the life histories of wild European badgers Meles meles in a population naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis (the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis [bTB]). We find important effects of MLH on all parameters of the Gompertz-Makeham mortality hazard function, but particularly in later life. Our findings confirm the predicted association between genomic homozygosity and actuarial senescence. Increased homozygosity is particularly associated with an earlier onset, and greater rates of actuarial senescence, regardless of sex. The association between homozygosity and actuarial senescence is further amplified among badgers putatively infected with bTB. These results recommend further investigation into the ecological and behavioural processes that result in genome-wide homozygosity, and focused work on whether homozygosity is harmful or beneficial during early life-stages.