Effects of vanillin on potassium bromate-induced neurotoxicity in adult mice: impact on behavior, oxidative stress, genes expression, inflammation and fatty acid composition

• Published in: Archives of physiology and biochemistry Vol. 123; no. 3; pp. 165 - 174
• Main Authors: Ben Saad, Hajer, Kharrat, Nadia, Driss, Dorra, Gargouri, Manel, Marrakchi, Rim, Jammoussi, Kamel, Magné, Christian, Boudawara, Tahia, Ellouz Chaabouni, Samia, Zeghal, Khaled Mounir, Hakim, Ahmed, Ben Amara, Ibtissem
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 27.05.2017
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Behavior, Animal - drug effects; Benzaldehydes - pharmacology; Bromates - toxicity; Butyrylcholinesterase - genetics; Butyrylcholinesterase - metabolism; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase - genetics; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase - metabolism; Cerebrum; Cerebrum - drug effects; Cerebrum - metabolism; Cerebrum - physiopathology; Cyclooxygenase 2 - genetics; Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism; Depression - chemically induced; Depression - genetics; Depression - metabolism; Depression - prevention & control; fatty acids; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; genes expression; Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism; Interleukin-1beta - genetics; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; Interleukin-6 - genetics; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - drug therapy; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - genetics; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - metabolism; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - physiopathology; oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; potassium bromate; Protein Carbonylation - drug effects; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase - genetics; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase - metabolism; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; vanillin; potassium bromate; fatty acids; genes expression; vanillin; oxidative stress; Cerebrum
• ISSN: 1381-3455; 1744-4160
• DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1283527

Context: Vanillin is known to possess important antioxidant activity. Objective: The current study was conducted to establish the therapeutic efficiency of vanillin against potassium bromate (KBrO 3 )-induced depression-like behavior and oxidative stress in mice. Material and methods: Mice were exposed during 15 days either to potassium bromate (KBrO 3 ), KBrO 3 + vanillin or to only vanillin. Results: Our results revealed a significant modification in the fatty acid composition of the KBrO 3 -treated mice. In addition, KBrO 3 induced a significant reduction in enzymatic activities and gene expressions, Na +  -K +  and Mg 2+ -ATPases, acetylcholinesterase and butylcholinesterase activities. The gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and COX 2 , significantly increased in the cerebrum of KBrO 3 -treated group. Histopathological observations were consistent with these effects. Co-treatment with vanillin significantly attenuated KBrO 3 -induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Conclusion: This work suggests that vanillin mitigates KBrO 3 -induced depression, and that this neuroprotective effect proceeds through anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.