Molecular events associated with ciclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth are attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research Vol. 47; no. 2; pp. 149 - 158
• Main Authors: Sobral, L. M., Aseredo, F., Agostini, M., Bufalino, A., Pereira, M. C. C., Graner, E., Coletta, R. D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2012; Blackwell
• Subjects: Antimetabolites; Apoptosis - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Cycle - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cell Survival - drug effects; ciclosporin A; Collagen Type I - drug effects; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 - metabolism; Cyclosporine - adverse effects; Cyclosporine - antagonists & inhibitors; Dentistry; extracellular matrix; Extracellular Matrix - drug effects; Extracellular Matrix - metabolism; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation - genetics; Gingiva - cytology; Gingiva - drug effects; Gingiva - metabolism; gingival overgrowth; Gingival Overgrowth - chemically induced; Humans; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 - drug effects; Medical sciences; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Phosphorylation; proliferation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - metabolism; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Smad2 Protein - drug effects; Smad7; Smad7 Protein - genetics; Smad7 Protein - pharmacology; Transfection; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - antagonists & inhibitors; transforming growth factor-β1; Young Adult; ciclosporin A; Calcineurin inhibitor; proliferation; Stomatology; Gingivitis hyperplasia; Periodontal disease; Extracellular matrix; transforming growth factor-β1; Ciclosporin; Transforming growth factor β1; Immunosuppressive agent; Fibroblast; Smad7; gingival overgrowth
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01412.x

Sobral LM, Aseredo F, Agostini M, Bufalino A, Pereira MCC, Graner E, Coletta RD. Molecular events associated with ciclosporin A‐induced gingival overgrowth are attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 149–158. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective:  Ciclosporin A (CsA)‐induced gingival overgrowth is attributed to an exaggerated accumulation of extracellular matrix, which is mainly due to an increased expression of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). Herein, the in vitro investigation of effects of overexpression of Smad7, a TGF‐β1 signaling inhibitor, in the events associated with CsA‐induced extracellular matrix accumulation was performed. Material and Methods:  The effects of Smad7 were assessed by stable overexpression of Smad7 in fibroblasts from normal gingiva. Smad7‐overexpressing cells and control cells were incubated with CsA, and synthesis of type I collagen, production and activity of MMP‐2 and cellular proliferation were evaluated by ELISA, zymography, growth curve, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and cell cycle analysis. The effects of CsA on cell viability and apoptosis of fibroblasts from normal gingiva were also evaluated. Western blot and immunofluorescence for phospho‐Smad2 were performed to measure the activation of TGF‐β1 signaling. Results:  Although the treatment with CsA stimulated TGF‐β1 production in both control and Smad7‐overexpressing fibroblasts, its signaling was markedly inhibited in Smad7‐overexpressing cells, as revealed by low levels of phospho‐Smad2. In Smad7‐overexpressing cells, the effects of CsA on proliferation, synthesis of type I collagen and the production and activity of MMP‐2 were significantly blocked. Smad7 overexpression blocked CsA‐induced fibroblast proliferation via p27 regulation. Neither CsA nor Smad7 overexpression induced cell death. Conclusion:  The data presented here confirm that TGF‐β1 expression is related to the molecular events associated with CsA‐induced gingival overgrowth and suggest that Smad7 overexpression is effective in blocking these events, including proliferation, type I collagen synthesis and MMP‐2 activity.