Dietary administration of EDC mixtures: A focus on fish lipid metabolism

• Published in: Aquatic toxicology Vol. 185; pp. 95 - 104
• Main Authors: Carnevali, O., Notarstefano, V., Olivotto, I., Graziano, M., Gallo, P., Di Marco Pisciottano, I., Vaccari, L., Mandich, A., Giorgini, E., Maradonna, F.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.04.2017
• Subjects: Alkylphenols; Animal Feed; Animals; Benzhydryl Compounds - toxicity; Biomagnification factor; Biomarkers - metabolism; Bisphenol A; Diet; Endocrine Disruptors - toxicity; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Fish diet; Fish Proteins - genetics; Fish Proteins - metabolism; Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; Gonads - drug effects; Gonads - metabolism; Humans; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Muscles - drug effects; Muscles - metabolism; Phenols - toxicity; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Sea Bream - metabolism; Seabream; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Bisphenol A; Fish diet; Biomagnification factor; Seabream; Alkylphenols; Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
• ISSN: 0166-445X; 1879-1514
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.007

•Diets contaminated with a mixture of xenoestrogens affected lipid metabolism.•Environmental pollution is a causal factor of hepatic steatosis.•FT-IR analysis showed the increase of lipids in hepatic tissue.•LC/ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS analysis showed the ability of NP to accumulate in the muscle of fish. Many man-made chemical compounds are recognized as endocrine disruptors and once released into the environment are likely to spread and bioaccumulate in wild species. Due to their lipophilic nature, these substances pass through the cell membrane or bind to specific receptors activating physiological responses that in the long run can cause reproductive impairment, physiological disorders, including the occurrence of metabolic syndromes. One significant source of contamination is represented by the consumption of polluted food. As a consequence, different environmental pollutants, with similar or different modes of action, can accumulate in organisms and biomagnify along the food web, finally targeting humans. The aim of this study was to analyze, under controlled conditions, the effects induced by the consumption of contaminated diets, focusing on the effects exerted at hepatic level. Juvenile seabream were fed for 21days a diet enriched with different combinations of pollutants, nonylphenol (NP), tert-octylphenol (t-OP) and bisphenol A (BPA). The different diets containing 5mg/kg bw of each contaminant, were formulated as follows: NP+tOP, BPA+NP, BPA+tOP and NP+BPA+tOP (NBO). EDCs, at the doses administered, showed low biomagnification factor (BMF), suggesting that these pollutants hardly accumulate in muscles. The results obtained at hepatic level pinpointed the steatotic effect of all the administered diets, associated to a modulation of the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism (ppars, fas, lpl, and hsl). Results were compared to those obtained in previous studies in which fish were fed single pollutants evidencing that the administration of mixture of contaminants exerts a milder lipogenic effect, highlighting the contrasting/antagonistic interaction establishing among chemicals. Noteworthy was the setup of a new chromatographic method to detect the presence of the selected chemical in fish muscle and the application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis to evaluate pollutant-induced changes in the liver macromolecular building.