Widening the Lens: An Ecological Review of Campus Sexual Assault

Varying prevalence rates of sexual violence across colleges and universities indicate the need to understand institutional factors underlying such variation; however, research often focuses exclusively on individual risk and protective factors, which both under theorizes and under explains the pheno...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inTrauma, Violence, & Abuse Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 179 - 192
Main Authors Moylan, Carrie A., Javorka, McKenzie
Format Book Review Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.01.2020
Sage Publications Ltd
Subjects
Aggression
Organizational aspects
Protective factors
Risk analysis
Risk factors
School crime
Sex crimes
Sexual assault
Sociocultural factors
Sports
Violence
ecological
sexual assault
campus
university
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Summary:Varying prevalence rates of sexual violence across colleges and universities indicate the need to understand institutional factors underlying such variation; however, research often focuses exclusively on individual risk and protective factors, which both under theorizes and under explains the phenomenon of campus sexual assault. In this review, we propose that broadening to include campus- and contextual-level factors is necessary to fully explain campus sexual assault. Using an ecological approach, we identify and synthesize research related to campus-level variation in sexual violence, including availability of campus services and resources for survivors, institutional risk factors such as alcohol and party culture, athletics, and fraternities, and the impact of policies at the state and federal levels. Suggestions are made for conducting additional research at the campus level and implications of reframing campus sexual assault from an institutional lens are discussed, including the importance of this approach for practice, evaluation, and policy.
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ISSN:1524-8380
1552-8324
DOI:10.1177/1524838018756121