Pd supported on clicked cellulose-modified magnetite-graphene oxide nanocomposite for C-C coupling reactions in deep eutectic solvent

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers Vol. 251; p. 117109
• Main Authors: Niakan, Mahsa, Masteri-Farahani, Majid, Shekaari, Hemayat, Karimi, Sabah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2021
• Subjects: Catalysis; Cellulose; Cellulose - chemistry; Coupling reaction; Deep eutectic solvent; Ferrosoferric Oxide - chemistry; Graphite - chemistry; Magnetics; Magnetite-graphene oxide nanocomposite; Nanocomposites - chemistry; Palladium - chemistry; Pd catalyst; Solid Phase Extraction; Solvents - chemistry; Water - chemistry; Deep eutectic solvent; Magnetite-graphene oxide nanocomposite; Coupling reaction; Pd catalyst; Cellulose
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117109

[Display omitted] •Clicked cellulose-modified magnetite-graphene oxide nanocomposite was prepared.•The nanocomposite was applied as support for Pd NPs.•Supported Pd NPs were efficient in catalyzing CC coupling reactions.•Various deep eutectic solvents were used as green reaction media. Cellulose-modified magnetite-graphene oxide nanocomposite was prepared via click reaction and utilized for immobilization of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles without using additional reducing agent. The abundant OH groups of cellulose provided the uniform dispersion and high stability of Pd nanoparticles, while magnetite-graphene oxide as a supporting material offered high specific surface area and easy magnetic separation. The as-prepared nanocomposite served as a heterogeneous catalyst for the Heck and Sonogashira coupling reactions in various hydrophilic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as sustainable and environmentally benign reaction media. Among the fifteen DESs evaluated for coupling reactions, the hydrophilic DES composed of dimethyl ammonium chloride and glycerol exhibited the best results. Due to the low miscibility of catalyst and DES in organic solvents, the separated aqueous phase containing both of the catalyst and DES can be readily recovered by evaporating water and retrieved eight times with negligible loss of catalytic performance.