In vitro and in vivo measurement of pH and thiols by EPR-based techniques

In vitro and in vivo measurements of pH and thiols provide critical information on physiology and pathophysiology of living organisms, particularly related to oxidative stress. Stable nitroxides of imidazoline and imidazolidine types provide the unique possibility of measuring local values of pH and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAntioxidants & redox signaling Vol. 6; no. 3; p. 667
Main Authors Khramtsov, Valery V, Grigor'ev, Igor A, Foster, Margaret A, Lurie, David J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.06.2004
Subjects
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy - methods
Glutathione - chemistry
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Imidazolines - chemistry
Kinetics
Models, Chemical
Nitric Oxide - chemistry
Oxidative Stress
Serum Albumin - chemistry
Sulfhydryl Compounds - chemistry
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Summary:In vitro and in vivo measurements of pH and thiols provide critical information on physiology and pathophysiology of living organisms, particularly related to oxidative stress. Stable nitroxides of imidazoline and imidazolidine types provide the unique possibility of measuring local values of pH and glutathione content in various biological systems, including in vivo studies. The basis for these applications is the observation of specific chemical reactions of these nitroxides with protons or thiols, followed by significant changes in the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of these probes, measured by low-frequency EPR techniques. The applications of some newly developed pH and SH probes in model systems of pharmacological interest, biological fluids, tissues, and cells as well as in vivo studies in isolated hearts and in the gut of living animals are discussed.
ISSN:1523-0864
DOI:10.1089/152308604773934431