Bisphenol A removal and degradation pathways in microorganisms with probiotic properties

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 413; p. 125363
• Main Authors: Kyrila, Gloria, Katsoulas, Antonis, Schoretsaniti, Vasiliki, Rigopoulos, Angelos, Rizou, Eleftheria, Doulgeridou, Savvoula, Sarli, Vasiliki, Samanidou, Victoria, Touraki, Maria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 05.07.2021
• Subjects: Bisphenol A biodegradation; Bisphenol A metabolites; BPA adducts; Probiotics; PP; OP; Probiotics; BPA; Bisphenol A metabolites; HAP; HBA; HQ; Bisphenol A biodegradation; BPA adducts
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125363

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a constituent of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, widely applied on food packaging materials. As BPA exposure results in health hazards, its efficient removal is of crucial importance. In our study five potentially probiotic microorganisms, namely Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were tested for their toxicity tolerance to BPA and their BPA removal ability. Although BPA toxicity, evident on all microorganisms, presented a correlation to both BPA addition time and its concentration, all strains exhibited BPA-removal ability with increased removal rate between 0 and 24 h of incubation. BPA degradation resulted in the formation of two dimer products in cells while the compounds Hydroquinone (HQ), 4-Hydroxyacetophenone (HAP), 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and 4-Isopropenylphenol (PP) were identified in the culture medium. In the proposed BPA degradation pathways BPA adducts formation appears as a common pattern, while BPA decomposition as well as the formation, and the levels of its end products present differences among microorganisms. The BPA degradation ability of the tested beneficial microorganisms demonstrates their potential application in the bioremediation of BPA contaminated foods and feeds and provides a means to suppress the adverse effects of BPA on human and animal health. [Display omitted] •BPA toxicity on the tested microorganisms correlated to BPA concentration and addition time.•Increased BPA removal rate was observed in the first 24 h of incubation.•BPA degradation resulted in the formation of BPA adducts in cells.•Hydroquinone, 4-Hydroxyacetophenone, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-Isopropenylphenol were identified in the culture medium.•The observed different levels of end products indicate different biotransformation pathways.