Identifying consumer preferences for specific beef flavor characteristics in relation to cattle production and postmortem processing parameters

• Published in: Meat science Vol. 112; pp. 90 - 102
• Main Authors: O'Quinn, T.G., Woerner, D.R., Engle, T.E., Chapman, P.L., Legako, J.F., Brooks, J.C., Belk, K.E., Tatum, J.D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2016
• Subjects: Animal Husbandry; Animals; Animals, Inbred Strains; Beef; Cattle; Consumer; Consumer Behavior; Crosses, Genetic; Diet - veterinary; Dietary Fats - analysis; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - analysis; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - adverse effects; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - analysis; Female; Flavor; Food Preferences; Food Quality; Food Storage; Humans; Male; Meat Products - analysis; Meat Products - standards; Sensation; Sensory; Taste; United States; United States Department of Agriculture; Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis; Volatiles; Beef; Consumer; Fatty acids; Flavor; Sensory; Volatiles
• ISSN: 0309-1740; 1873-4138
• DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.11.001

Sensory analysis of ground LL samples representing 12 beef product categories was conducted in 3 different regions of the U.S. to identify flavor preferences of beef consumers. Treatments characterized production-related flavor differences associated with USDA grade, cattle type, finishing diet, growth enhancement, and postmortem aging method. Consumers (N=307) rated cooked samples for 12 flavors and overall flavor desirability. Samples were analyzed to determine fatty acid content. Volatile compounds produced by cooking were extracted and quantified. Overall, consumers preferred beef that rated high for beefy/brothy, buttery/beef fat, and sweet flavors and disliked beef with fishy, livery, gamey, and sour flavors. Flavor attributes of samples higher in intramuscular fat with greater amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids and lesser proportions of saturated, odd-chain, omega-3, and trans fatty acids were preferred by consumers. Of the volatiles identified, diacetyl and acetoin were most closely correlated with desirable ratings for overall flavor and dimethyl sulfide was associated with an undesirable sour flavor. •The flavor differences among 12 diverse beef product categories was evaluated.•The fatty acid composition and cooked beef volatiles were measured.•Consumers preferred beef described as beefy/brothy, buttery/beef fat, and sweet.•Samples high in monounsaturated fatty acids were preferred by consumers.•Polyunsaturated fatty acids were associated with fishy, livery, and gamey flavors.