Influence of dietary cation-anion balance during the dry period on the occurrence of parturient paresis in cows fed excess calcium

• Published in: Journal of animal science Vol. 70; no. 4; p. 1238
• Main Authors: Tucker, W.B. (Oklahoma State University, Stillwater), Hogue, J.F, Adams, G.D, Aslam, M, Shin, I.S, Morgan, G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.04.1992
• Subjects: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Animals, Newborn; ANION; ANIONES; Anions - administration & dosage; CALCAIRE; Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage; CALIZA; CATION; CATIONES; Cations - administration & dosage; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - prevention & control; CHLORURE DE CALCIUM; CLORURO CALCICO; Diet; EDEMA; Edema - prevention & control; Edema - veterinary; EQUILIBRE ACIDOBASIQUE; EQUILIBRIO ACIDO-BASE; Female; FIEVRE VITULAIRE; GLANDE MAMMAIRE; GLANDULAS MAMARIAS; Lactation; Least-Squares Analysis; Mammary Glands, Animal - pathology; METABOLISME DES MINERAUX; METABOLISMO DE MINERALES; Minerals - administration & dosage; Minerals - metabolism; NUMERO DE LACTACION; NUMERO DE LACTATION; OEDEME; ORINA; PARALISIS PUERPERAL; Parturient Paresis - prevention & control; PERIODE DE TARISSEMENT; PERIODO DE SECADO; PLASMA SANGUIN; PLASMA SANGUINEO; Pregnancy; TERNERO; URINE; VACAS LECHERAS; VACHE LAITIERE; VEAU
• ISSN: 0021-8812; 1525-3163
• DOI: 10.2527/1992.7041238x

Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a low dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) in preventing milk fever and udder edema in dry cows consuming a high-Ca diet and to evaluate the effect of this diet on calves delivered by these cows. Seventy primiparous or multiparous cows and 50 pregnant heifers were offered alfalfa hay-based diets beginning 4 wk before their projected calving date. Diets contained 1.6% Ca and a DCAB of -3 or +9 mEq/100 g of diet DM. Blood and urine samples were collected weekly from 3 wk prepartum until 3 wk postpartum. Blood samples were collected from calves at parturition and weekly thereafter for 3 wk. Feeding a low vs high DCAB in a high-Ca diet for 3 wk prepartum did not reduce the incidence of milk fever; this lack of response may have been attributable to the relatively low DCAB of each diet and the small difference in DCAB between the two diets. Udder edema seemed to regress more rapidly postpartum for cows that had consumed the low DCAB during the dry period. Test diets fed to prepartum cows did not affect systemic acid-base status or plasma mineral content of their calves, although plasma Ca was somewhat lower for calves from cows consuming a low DCAB and was higher for calves from primigravid cows. Correlations of plasma mineral concentration of the cows with those of their calves were highest for plasma Ca (r = 0.75; P 0.001). We conclude that the prophylactic effects on the occurrence of milk fever of feeding a low DCAB during the dry period may be absent when diets contain 1.6% Ca and DCAB is greater than or equal -3. The cation-anion balance of the diet consumed by dry cows did not affect the acid-base status or plasma mineral content of their calves