High pH in beef longissimus thoracis reduces muscle fibre transverse shrinkage and light scattering which contributes to the dark colour

• Published in: Food research international Vol. 101; pp. 228 - 238
• Main Authors: Hughes, J., Clarke, F., Purslow, P., Warner, R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Canada Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2017
• Subjects: Animals; Cattle; Color; Colour; Dark-cutting; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microscopy, Confocal; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - cytology; Muscle fibre; Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology; Muscle, Skeletal - cytology; Myoglobin; Paraspinal Muscles - chemistry; Paraspinal Muscles - cytology; Red Meat - analysis; Reflection confocal scanning laser microscopy (rCLSM); Skeletal muscle structure; pH; Muscle fibre; Skeletal muscle structure; Dark-cutting; Reflection confocal scanning laser microscopy (rCLSM); Colour
• ISSN: 0963-9969; 1873-7145
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.003

Most studies have focused on myoglobin regarding meat colour development, with little focus on the contribution of muscle structure and light scattering. Our aim was to investigate the pH-dependent changes in muscle structure, on the light scattering properties of the meat. Beef longissimus thoracis muscles were segregated into light, medium or dark colour groups (n=18). ‘Dark’ muscles had a high ultimate pH (pHu), lower lightness (L*), redness (a*), higher myoglobin concentration and deoxymyoglobin content compared to other muscles. Reflectance confocal laser scanning microscopy (rCLSM) revealed ‘dark’ muscles had decreased global brightness (indicator of light scattering) and increased fibre width. In a secondary experiment, decreasing the homogenisation buffer pH from 6.10 to 5.40 induced a 17% shrinkage in high pHu muscle fibres, which increased light scattering by ~25%. In conclusion, rCLSM demonstrated that muscle structure contributes to the magnitude of light scattering by a pH dependent mechanism. [Display omitted] •Beef meat colour is influenced by the structure of the muscle, which impacts lightness.•Reflectance confocal laser scanning microscopy can measure muscle light scattering.•Dark, higher pH muscles have reduced shrinkage in muscle fibres.•Light, low pH muscles have more light scattering, and appear pale at the surface.•Light scattering occurs by a pH dependant shrinkage mechanism of muscle fibres.