In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Titanium Grade IV and Titanium Grade V Implants with Different Surface Treatments

• Published in: Metals (Basel ) Vol. 10; no. 4; p. 449
• Main Authors: Diaz-Sanchez, Rosa-Maria, de-Paz-Carrion, Alvaro, Serrera-Figallo, Maria-Angeles, Torres-Lagares, Daniel, Barranco, Angel, León-Ramos, Juan-Rey, Gutierrez-Perez, Jose-Luis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.04.2020
• Subjects: Aluminum oxide; Animals; Biocompatibility; Biomedical materials; Biotechnology; Cell adhesion; Chemical composition; Computed tomography; Dental implants; Gamma rays; grade IV; grade V; Grit blasting; in vitro study; In vivo methods and tests; in vivo study; Laparoscopy; Osteoblasts; Rabbits; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectrum analysis; Statistical methods; Statistical significance; Studies; Surface roughness; Surface treatment; Surgery; Surgical implants; Tensile strength; Tibia; Titanium; Titanium alloys; New Zealand; United States > US; Germany; Spain
• ISSN: 2075-4701; 2075-4701
• DOI: 10.3390/met10040449

The aim of our study is to evaluate different implant surface treatments using TiIV and TiV in in vitro and in vivo studies. An in vitro study was established comprising four study groups with treated and untreated TiIV titanium discs (TiIVT and TiIVNT) and treated and untreated TiV titanium discs (TiVT and TiVNT). The surface treatment consisted in a grit blasting treatment with alumina and double acid passivation to modify surface roughness. The surface chemical composition and the surface microstructure of the samples were analyzed. The titanium discs were subjected to cell cultures to determine cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts on them. The in vivo study was carried out on the tibia of three New Zealand rabbits in which 18 implants divided into three experimental groups were placed (TiIVT, TiIVNT, and TiVT). Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed to determine bone density around the implants. The results showed that cell culture had minor adhesion and cell proliferation in TiIVT and TiVT within the first 6 and 24 h. However, no differences were found after 48 h. No statistically significant differences were found in the in vivo micro-CT and histological study; however, there was a positive trend in bone formation in the groups with a treated surface. Conclusions: All groups showed a similar response to in vitro cell proliferation cultures after 48 h. No statistically significant differences were found in the in vivo micro-CT and histological study.