Affective polarization in the digital age: Testing the direction of the relationship between social media and users’ feelings for out-group parties

There is considerable disagreement among scholars as to whether social media fuels polarization in society. However, a few have considered the possibility that polarization may instead affect social media usage. To address this gap, the study uses Dutch panel data to test directionality in the relat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNew media & society Vol. 25; no. 12; pp. 3392 - 3411
Main Author Nordbrandt, Maria
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London, England SAGE Publications 01.12.2023
Subjects
Communication
Political Science
Sociology and Political Science
Statskunskap
Twitter
Affective polarization
reversed causality
echo chambers
Facebook
social media
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Summary:There is considerable disagreement among scholars as to whether social media fuels polarization in society. However, a few have considered the possibility that polarization may instead affect social media usage. To address this gap, the study uses Dutch panel data to test directionality in the relationship between social media use and affective polarization. No support was found for the hypothesis that social media use contributed to the level of affective polarization. Instead, the results lend support to the hypothesis that it was the level of affective polarization that affected subsequent use of social media. The results furthermore reveal heterogeneous patterns among individuals, depending on their previous level of social media usage, and across different social media platforms. The study gives reason to call into question the predominating assumption in previous research that social media is a major driver of polarization in society.
ISSN:1461-4448
1461-7315
1461-7315
DOI:10.1177/14614448211044393