Repellency of Veratraldehyde (3,4-Dimethoxy Benzaldehyde) against Mosquito Females and Tick Nymphs

Arthropod-borne infectious diseases cause many deaths and a major economic burden worldwide. Repellents play an important role in protecting people from infectious biting arthropods. The repellency of veratraldehyde, a known food additive, and the WJ-1041 formulation containing 10% veratraldehyde wa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inApplied sciences Vol. 11; no. 11; p. 4861
Main Authors Kim, Soon-Il, Tak, Jun-Hyung, Seo, Jeong Kyu, Park, Seong Ryel, Kim, Jiwon, Boo, Kyung-Hwan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.06.2021
Subjects
Aedes albopictus
Arachnids
Arthropods
Benzaldehyde
Biting
Commercialization
Culex pipiens pallens
DEET
Dengue fever
Encephalitis
Ethanol
Females
Filter paper
Food additives
Haemaphysalis longicornis
Infectious diseases
Laboratories
Malaria
Mosquitoes
Oils & fats
Pathogens
Pests
Pharmacokinetics
Repellency
Repellents
Skin
Tropical diseases
Veratraldehyde
Viruses
Volunteers
West Nile virus
New Zealand
Australia
United States > US
Japan
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:Arthropod-borne infectious diseases cause many deaths and a major economic burden worldwide. Repellents play an important role in protecting people from infectious biting arthropods. The repellency of veratraldehyde, a known food additive, and the WJ-1041 formulation containing 10% veratraldehyde was tested against Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens females and Haemaphysalis longicornis nymphs using arm-in-cage, indoor or filter paper tests. Veratraldehyde exhibited repellency similar to or lower than that of n,n-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) against A. albopictus, but in H. longicornis, the activity of veratraldehyde was better than that of DEET. The repellency of the 10% veratraldehyde solution was comparable to that of 20% DEET against the two mosquitoes. When comparing repellency between the WJ-1041 formulation (10% veratraldehyde) and 10% DEET against C. pipiens pallens, A. Albopictus and H. longicornis, the two showed similar repellency and complete protection time (CPT) values. However, there was a small difference depending on the tested insects. The absorption of veratraldehyde via skin was minimal, if at all. The pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax and Tmax) of veratraldehyde in blood samples of rats were not different from those of the control group. Based on these results, veratraldehyde has high potential to be commercialized as a repellent agent against infectious disease-borne pests in the near future.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11114861