Optimal COVID-19 Adapted Table Disposition in Hostelry for Guaranteeing the Social Distance through Memetic Algorithms

• Published in: Applied sciences Vol. 11; no. 11; p. 4957
• Main Authors: Ferrero-Guillén, Rubén, Díez-González, Javier, Martínez-Guitiérrez, Alberto, Álvarez, Rubén
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.06.2021
• Subjects: Algorithms; Asymptomatic; Contact tracing; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccines; Design; Disease control; Disease transmission; Genetic algorithms; Heuristic methods; local search; memetic algorithm; Pandemics; Propagation; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Site selection; table distribution optimisation; table location problem; United Kingdom > UK
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app11114957

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged all physical interactions. Social distancing, face masks and other rules have reshaped our way of living during the last year. The impact of these measures for indoor establishments, such as education or hostelry businesses, resulted in a considerable organisation problem. Achieving a table distribution inside these indoor spaces that fulfilled the distancing requirements while trying to allocate the maximum number of tables for enduring the pandemic has proved to be a considerable task for multiple establishments. This problem, defined as the Table Location Problem (TLP), is categorised as NP-Hard, thus a metaheuristic resolution is recommended. In our previous works, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation was proposed for optimising the table distribution in real classrooms. However, the proposed algorithm performed poorly for high obstacle density scenarios, especially when allocating a considerable number of tables due to the existing dependency between adjacent tables in the distance distribution. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce for the first time, to the authors’ best knowledge, a Memetic Algorithm (MA) optimisation that improves the previously designed GA through the introduction of a Gradient Based Local Search. Multiple configurations have been analysed for a real hostelry-related scenario and a comparison between methodologies has been performed. Results show that the proposed MA optimisation obtained adequate solutions that the GA was unable to reach, demonstrating a superior convergence performance and an overall greater flexibility. The MA performance denoted its value not only from a COVID-19 distancing perspective but also as a flexible managing algorithm for daily table arrangement, thus fulfilling the main objectives of this paper.