A Review of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in Agricultural Water: Are PES from the Operation of Agricultural Water Control Structures Ubiquitous?

This paper reviews the consideration of the operation of agricultural water control structures (AWCSs) as sources of bundles of ecosystem services (ESs) and the subsequent design of payment for ecosystem service (PES) programs around these ESs. It is thought that PES schemes for AWCSs can complement...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inSustainability Vol. 13; no. 22; p. 12624
Main Authors Okiria, Emmanuel, Zaki, Muhamad Khoiru, Noda, Keigo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 15.11.2021
Subjects
Agricultural ecosystems
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Aquifers
Beneficiaries
Canals
Case studies
Climatic conditions
Design
Ecosystem services
Ecosystems
Environmental economics
Hydraulics
Hydrometeorology
Infrastructure
Irrigation
Software
Sustainability
Trends
Water control
Water quality
Willingness to pay
Japan
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Summary:This paper reviews the consideration of the operation of agricultural water control structures (AWCSs) as sources of bundles of ecosystem services (ESs) and the subsequent design of payment for ecosystem service (PES) programs around these ESs. It is thought that PES schemes for AWCSs can complement irrigation service fees (ISFs) in funding the operation and maintenance of irrigation schemes. Case studies from Japan, the United States of America and Tanzania, representing a variety of socio-economic, geographic and climatic conditions, are discussed. In countries where the PES programs had legal backing, they showed evidence of sustainability and success. The measurement of marginal ESs flows from AWCSs proved to be one of the challenges to PES programs. There is a need to improve the measurement and modelling of hydro-meteorological and water quality parameters to ensure the transparency and success of the programs. In general, there was a realisation that ESs flow from irrigated agriculture, but there was no systematic design of PES programs around these ESs flows. An opportunity is seen to complement ISF through the design of PES programs around ES flows from the operation of AWCSs.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su132212624