The Design of a Lightweight Cable Aerial Manipulator with a CoG Compensation Mechanism for Construction Inspection Purposes

• Published in: Applied sciences Vol. 12; no. 3; p. 1173
• Main Authors: AlAkhras, Ayham, Sattar, Ilham Hassan, Alvi, Muhammad, Qanbar, Mohammed W., Jaradat, Mohammad A., Alkaddour, Muhannad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2022
• Subjects: Actuators; aerial manipulator; Attitude (inclination); cable aerial manipulator; Center of gravity; center of gravity compensation; Compensation; Construction; Construction inspection; Degrees of freedom; Design; Drone aircraft; End effectors; Inspection; Lightweight; Manipulators; Methods; Nondestructive testing; Optimization; Rotors; Stress analysis; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)/quadrotor; Unmanned aerial vehicles
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app12031173

Conventionally, aerial manipulators, when used for inspection, use drone rotors to stabilize the center of gravity (CoG) shifts, which highly affects its performance. This paper discusses the development of a self-balancing lightweight cable aerial manipulator that can be used for construction inspection purposes. The design is based on a 3D-printed, three degrees of freedom (DoF), planar cable manipulator that is mounted on an extended platform below it as a counter-balance mechanism. The actuators control the manipulator links through a cable system, allowing them to be mounted at the system base to reduce the moving mass of the manipulator during operation. The counter-balance mechanism compensates for any shifts in the CoG of the system by actively sliding a counter-balance weight, mainly a battery, which powers the setup. This mechanism can be attached beneath an off-the-shelf quadrotor to solve the problem of CoG shifts. CoG shifts are due to the manipulator operation when a payload or inspection tool is attached to the end effector to perform a given task. For construction integrity inspection, the aerial manipulator must remain stable during the push or slide processes on both flat and curved surfaces while the non-destructive tests are carried out. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed design, an experimental setup was used, and comparisons were made between the compensated and uncompensated tilt angles of the aerial manipulator. Significant tilt angle reductions were observed with an average of 94.69% improvement, undergoing different manipulator motions during different operation scenarios, as a result of an active compensation of the CoG shift and lightweight design of the system, without sacrificing the functionality of the manipulator for the task.