Management of the aging forehead: A review

Aging in the upper third of the face manifests as rhytids and ptosis of the frontal, glabellar, and brow regions. Frown lines may occur even in younger individuals as a result of habitual or dynamic forehead muscular hyperactivity. Multiple treatment options have been advocated to address forehead r...

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Published inOral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology and endodontics Vol. 95; no. 6; pp. 642 - 648
Main Authors Connor, M.Scott, Karlis, Vasiliki, Ghali, G.E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published St. Louis, MO Mosby, Inc 01.06.2003
Elsevier
Subjects
Biological and medical sciences
Botulinum Toxins, Type A - administration & dosage
Botulinum Toxins, Type A - therapeutic use
Collagen - administration & dosage
Collagen - therapeutic use
Facial Muscles - pathology
Female
Forehead - pathology
Forehead - surgery
Humans
Injections, Subcutaneous
Male
Medical sciences
Rhytidoplasty
Skin Aging - pathology
Skin plastic surgery
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Human
Enzyme
Ageing
Metalloendopeptidases
Review
Peptidases
Bontoxilysin
Forehead
Treatment
Surgery
Collagen
Hydrolases
Skin
Face
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Summary:Aging in the upper third of the face manifests as rhytids and ptosis of the frontal, glabellar, and brow regions. Frown lines may occur even in younger individuals as a result of habitual or dynamic forehead muscular hyperactivity. Multiple treatment options have been advocated to address forehead rhytids and brow ptosis. This article reviews 3 of the more commonly used treatment options: collagen, botulinum toxin, and surgical forehead lifting. Additionally, an algorithm is proposed as a guideline for selecting the most appropriate option for a given condition. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003;95:642-8)
ISSN:1079-2104
1528-395X
DOI:10.1067/moe.2003.240