The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary axis

The hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HP axis) plays a critical and integrative role in the endocrine system control to maintain homeostasis. The HP axis is responsible for the hormonal events necessary to regulate the thyroid, adrenal glands, gonads, somatic growth, among other functions. Endocrine-disr...

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Published inMolecular and cellular endocrinology Vol. 518; p. 110997
Main Authors Graceli, Jones B., Dettogni, Raquel S., Merlo, Eduardo, Niño, Oscar, da Costa, Charles S., Zanol, Jordana F., Ríos Morris, Eduardo A., Miranda-Alves, Leandro, Denicol, Anna C.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.12.2020
Subjects
atrazine
biphenyl
bisphenol A
DDT (pesticide)
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals
endocrinology
homeostasis
Hypothalamic-pituitary axis
Hypothalamus
mammals
metabolism
Neuroendocrine action
phthalates
Pituitary
polychlorinated biphenyls
public health
Toxicological effects
tributyltin
Hypothalamic-pituitary axis
Toxicological effects
Neuroendocrine action
Hypothalamus
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals
Pituitary
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Summary:The hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HP axis) plays a critical and integrative role in the endocrine system control to maintain homeostasis. The HP axis is responsible for the hormonal events necessary to regulate the thyroid, adrenal glands, gonads, somatic growth, among other functions. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a worldwide public health concern. There is growing evidence that exposure to EDCs such as bisphenol A (BPA), some phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and biphenyls (PBBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), tributyltin (TBT), and atrazine (ATR), is associated with HP axis abnormalities. EDCs act on hormone receptors and their downstream signaling pathways and can interfere with hormone synthesis, metabolism, and actions. Because the HP axis function is particularly sensitive to endogenous hormonal changes, disruptions by EDCs can alter HP axis proper function, leading to important endocrine irregularities. Here, we review the evidence that EDCs could directly affect the mammalian HP axis function.
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ISSN:0303-7207
1872-8057
1872-8057
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110997