Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: are marine phospholipids the answer?
Since the discovery that Greenlandic Innuits had a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) due to their diet of fish and as a consequence high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake, scientific interest in the therapeutic value of n-3 PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and do...
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| Published in | Food & function Vol. 11; no. 4; pp. 2861 - 2885 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Royal Society of Chemistry
30.04.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Since the discovery that Greenlandic Innuits had a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) due to their diet of fish and as a consequence high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake, scientific interest in the therapeutic value of n-3 PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has grown. It is well-accepted that fish consumption is associated with the prevention of inflammation and CVD. As a result, fish oil supplements and nutraceuticals are widely consumed. Conversely, recent meta-analyses have cast doubt over the benefits n-3 PUFA due to heterogenous outcomes of numerous randomized controlled trials. However, the majority of clinical studies conducted have used n-3 PUFA supplements in their neutral forms as free fatty acids or bound to triacylglycerides (TAG) or ethyl esters. Current research indicates that n-3 PUFA bound to polar lipids (PL) such as phospholipids seem to exert differential bioavailability and biological effects upon consumption in contrast to neutral forms of n-3 PUFA. In this review, we discuss the promising health benefits of marine PL rich in n-3 PUFA that seem to go beyond those of neutral n-3 PUFA. However, further intensive research is required to discern the full extent of the biological activities of marine n-3 PL and their potential use in functional foods and nutraceuticals.
This review presents the latest research on the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) and n-3 FA bound to polar lipids (PL). Overall, n-3 PL may have enhanced bioavailability and potentially bioactivity
versus
free FA and ester forms of n-3 FA. |
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| Bibliography: | Dr Zabetakis is the Head of the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Limerick. He has a background in food biochemistry and the development of sustainable functional foods against inflammation with a particular emphasis on the use of by-products. Currently, he is the lead investigator developing nutraceuticals from dairy and marine by-products. Dr Zabetakis has published >80 peer-reviewed articles in the food sciences arena. vide cooking on bioactive lipids in fish products. He also lecturers at the Limerick Institute of Technology. Dr Lordan is a former researcher and Lecturer at the University of Limerick with a background in the development of novel functional foods and nutraceuticals targeting inflammation, platelet function, and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, he is researching factors affecting circadian rhythm in disease at the Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania. Mr Redfern is a Chef and a graduate of the University of Limerick specialising in research relating to the effect of sous- Dr Tsoupras is a Lecturer of Food Sciences at the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland. With a background in food biochemistry and health, he has developed an expertise related to the development of novel functional foods and nutraceutical that modulate the activities and metabolism of inflammatory mediators such as platelet-activating factor in inflammatory diseases. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 |
| ISSN: | 2042-6496 2042-650X |
| DOI: | 10.1039/c9fo01742a |