Advanced glycation end products are associated with cardiovascular risk in the Mexican population

• Published in: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 826 - 834
• Main Authors: Robles-Rivera, Karina, Rivera-Paredez, Berenice, Quezada-Sanchéz, Amado D., Velázquez-Cruz, Rafael, Salmerón, Jorge
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.04.2023
• Subjects: Advanced glycation end products; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cohort Studies; Framingham cardiovascular risk score; Glycation End Products, Advanced - metabolism; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Mexican population; Risk Factors; CVD; HOMA-IR; Advanced glycation end products; Framingham cardiovascular risk score; T2D; Cardiovascular disease; Mexican population; AGES; RAGE; CVR
• ISSN: 0939-4753; 1590-3729
• DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.12.028

Chronic exposure to hyperglycemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Advanced glycation end products (AGES) result from multiple sugar-dependent reactions interacting with proteins and their receptors, generating endothelial dysfunction and CVD. However, there is little epidemiological data about its impact on CVD risk. We aimed to assess the association between circulating AGES and CVD risk in the Mexican population. We used longitudinal data from waves 2004–2006 and 2010–2012 of 1195 participants from the Health Workers Cohort Study. Circulating AGES were assessed by radioimmunoassay, and cardiovascular risk (CVR) was computed with the Framingham risk score. Linear and logistic fixed-effects regression models were used to assess the interest association, adjusting for confounding factors. An increase in 200 μU/ml of AGES was associated with a 0.18% increased risk of CVD (95% CI 0.05–0.31%). After adjusting for physical activity and smoking status, individuals who increased their AGES category had higher odds of middle–high CVR (low to medium AGES: OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.11–3.20; low to high AGES: OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.51–4.50). The associations remained statistically significant when we further adjusted for insulin resistance, dietary intake of AGES, and total daily calorie intake. Our data show that circulating AGES are associated with the Framingham CVD risk score, independently of other major risk factors for CVD in the Mexican population. •AGES levels increased from baseline to follow-up by about 100 μU/ml.•Participants with an increase in cardiovascular risk status over time increased their AGES levels.•This study showed that AGES are positively associated with the Framingham cardiovascular risk score in the Mexican population.