Effects of cereal bran consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases Vol. 33; no. 10; pp. 1849 - 1865
• Main Authors: Zhu, Ruiting, Xu, Haiyan, Cai, Hongwei, Wang, Saikun, Mao, Jing, Zhang, Jingyi, Xiong, Xuance, Wang, Xingyu, Zhou, Wei, Guo, Lirong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2023
• Subjects: Anthropometric measurement; Blood glucose; Blood lipids; Blood pressure; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Cereal bran; Meta-analysis; Cereal bran; Blood glucose; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Blood pressure; Blood lipids; Anthropometric measurement; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 0939-4753; 1590-3729
• DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.020

Cardiovascular disease is a prevalent worldwide disease, and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) include hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and adiposity. Healthy diets are the critical factor in controlling these CMRFs risks, especially cereal bran which contains many beneficial substances. However, there are still contradictions in the indicators of improving CMRFs by bran from different grain sources or even the same grain source. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of cereal bran consumption on CMRFs. Eligible randomized controlled studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science until February 2023. The random-effects model was used to calculate overall effect sizes of weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Finally, 22 studies were included in the present meta-analysis. Compared to the control, cereal bran consumption had no significant effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, and body mass index, but could reduce systolic blood pressure (WMD: −1.59; 95% CI: −2.45 to −0.72), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: −1.96; 95% CI: −3.89 to −0.04), total cholesterol (WMD: −0.19; 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.04), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: −0.21; 95% CI: −0.38 to −0.04), and fasting blood glucose (WMD: −0.13; 95% CI: −0.24 to −0.01). Additionally, oat bran can lower blood lipids in individuals with lipid diseases and blood pressure in obese or hypertensive patients. Cereal bran could significantly reduce blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose in individuals with CMRFs, and oat bran had the most obvious effect. •The more cereal bran consumption, which is essential in whole grains, the lower the risk of non-communicable diseases.•Cereal bran, especially oat bran consumption, can reduce BP, TC, LDL-C, and FBG level in participants with CMRFs.•Oat bran can reduce blood lipids in individuals with lipid diseases and blood pressure in obese or hypertensive patients, both of which are CMRFs.