Telmisartan relieves liver fibrosis and portal hypertension by improving vascular remodeling and sinusoidal dysfunction

• Published in: European journal of pharmacology Vol. 915; p. 174713
• Main Authors: Zheng, Lei, Zhao, Zhifeng, Lin, Jiayun, Li, Hongjie, Wu, Guangbo, Qi, Xiaoliang, Lou, Xiaolou, Bao, Yongyang, Huo, Haizhong, Luo, Meng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.01.2022
• Subjects: Animals; Benzoates - pharmacology; Benzoates - therapeutic use; Carbon Tetrachloride; Disease Models, Animal; Hypertension, Portal - drug therapy; Liver - blood supply; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver - pathology; Liver Cirrhosis - drug therapy; Liver Cirrhosis - metabolism; Liver Cirrhosis - pathology; Liver fibrosis; Male; Portal hypertension; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Telmisartan; Telmisartan - pharmacology; Telmisartan - therapeutic use; Vascular Remodeling - drug effects; Portal hypertension; Liver fibrosis; Telmisartan
• ISSN: 0014-2999; 1879-0712; 1879-0712
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174713

Telmisartan(TEL) has demonstrated anti-fibrotic and blood pressure lowering effect in various diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the beneficial effects of TEL on portal hypertension(PHT). Two models of cirrhosis-induced PHT were involved including carbon tetrachloride injection(CCl4) and bile duct ligation(BDL). Rats were orally gavaged with TEL for 4 weeks. After that, the portal pressure(PP) was determined, and liver and mesenteric tissue specimens were collected to evaluate inflammatory response, liver fibrosis, vascular remodeling, angiogenesis, etc. In CCl4 PHT models, TEL decreased PP significantly from 12.79 ± 2.92 to 6.91 ± 1.19 mmHg(p < 0.05). In inflammatory response, hepatic expressions of interleukin(IL)-6, lipopolysaccharide(LPS), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were significantly decreased after TEL treatment. Moreover, in the liver fibrotic area, the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), collagen1a1(Col1a1), desmin, transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), and hydroxyproline, and serum hyaluronic acid were significantly decreased after TEL treatment. Additionally, the expressions of von Willebrand factor(vWF), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor-β(PDGF-β), matrix metallopeptidase(MMP)-2, and MMP-9 were ameliorated in liver sinusoid, while the expressions of MMP-2 and vWF were reduced in mesenteric arteries after TEL treatment. Meanwhile, TEL treatment up-regulated the hepatic expressions of an anti-fibrotic factor Krüppel-like factor-4(KLF-4) and its downstream endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) in rats with PHT. The performance of TEL in BDL model was similar but slightly weaker. TEL ameliorated the cirrhosis-induced PHT by reducing liver fibrosis, inflammation responses, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling. Collectively, KLF-4 and eNOS were the possible molecular targets for the management of cirrhosis-associated PHT.