Conversion of heavy metal-containing biowaste from phytoremediation site to value-added solid fuel through hydrothermal carbonization

• Published in: Environmental pollution (1987) Vol. 269; p. 116127
• Main Authors: Lee, Jongkeun, Park, Ki Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 15.01.2021
• Subjects: Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Carbon; Heavy metal; Hydrochar; Hydrothermal carbonization; Metals, Heavy; Phytoremediated biomass; Solid fuel; Temperature; Hydrochar; Solid fuel; Hydrothermal carbonization; Phytoremediated biomass; Heavy metal
• ISSN: 0269-7491; 1873-6424
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116127

In this study, heavy metal-containing sunflower residues obtained from a phytoremediation site were hydrothermally carbonized at 160–260 °C. The properties of hydrochar thus produced were evaluated with respect to its potential as solid fuel. The results confirmed that hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) reduced the concentration of heavy metals in hydrochars, with the concentration lower than the maximum permissible level of domestic standards for bio-solid refuse fuel. Higher HTC temperatures resulted in improved energy-related properties of the hydrochar (i.e., coalification degree, fuel ratio, and higher heating value); however, HTC temperatures between 200 and 220 °C were deemed suitable for energy retention efficiency. Furthermore, as hydrochar contains low nitrogen and ash content, it can be considered as a clean energy source. The results of this study suggest a sustainable approach to the disposal and effective utilization of contaminant-containing biowastes. Moreover, this study suggests linking biomass cultivation for phytoremediation and converting the phytoremediated biomass into value-added solid fuel. [Display omitted] •Feasibility of linking phytoremediation to bioenergy production was evaluated.•Heavy metal-contaminated biomass was hydrothermally carbonized.•Heavy metals in hydrochar were reduced by hydrothermal carbonization.•Produced hydrochar showed improved energy-related properties.•Phytoremediated biomass can be a potential feedstock for value-added solid fuel. A sustainable approach that links biomass cultivation for phytoremediation and converting the phytoremediated biomass into value-added solid fuel seems feasible.