Systemic regulation of adipose metabolism

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol. 1842; no. 3; pp. 424 - 430
• Main Authors: Carmean, Christopher M., Cohen, Ronald N., Brady, Matthew J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.03.2014
• Subjects: Adipocyte; Adipocytes - metabolism; Adipose Tissue, White - growth & development; Adipose Tissue, White - metabolism; Endocrine System - metabolism; Endocrine System - physiology; Energy Metabolism; Growth Hormone - metabolism; Growth Hormone - physiology; Humans; Lipid Metabolism - physiology; Lipolysis; Lipolysis - physiology; Pituitary; Pituitary Gland - metabolism; Pituitary Gland - secretion; Thyroid Hormones - metabolism; Thyroid Hormones - physiology; Adipocyte; Pituitary; Lipolysis
• ISSN: 0925-4439; 0006-3002; 1879-260X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.06.004

White adipose tissue serves as a critical energy storage depot and endocrine organ. Adipocytes are subject to numerous levels of regulation, including neuronal, endocrine and metabolic. While insulin is the classical endocrine regulator of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, other important endocrine hormones also control adipose tissue physiology. In this review, we will focus on the contribution of the pituitary in the modulation of adipocyte function, through the direct release of growth hormone as well as via the regulation of the thyroid gland and release of thyroid hormone. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Modulation of Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease. •The pituitary regulates adipose tissue physiology through multiple hormones.•Growth hormones released by somatotrophs regulate adipocyte metabolism.•Thyroid hormone controls gene expression and adipogenesis.